Stratigi Kalliopi, Siametis Athanasios, Garinis George A
Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
Department of Biology, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
FEBS Lett. 2025 Jan;599(2):244-266. doi: 10.1002/1873-3468.14947. Epub 2024 Jun 6.
Recently, there has been increasing interest in the complex relationship between transcription and genome stability, with specific attention directed toward the physiological significance of molecular structures known as R-loops. These structures arise when an RNA strand invades into the DNA duplex, and their formation is involved in a wide range of regulatory functions affecting gene expression, DNA repair processes or cell homeostasis. The persistent presence of R-loops, if not effectively removed, contributes to genome instability, underscoring the significance of the factors responsible for their resolution and modification. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of how R-loop processing can drive either a beneficial or a harmful outcome. Additionally, we explore the potential for manipulating such structures to devise rationalized therapeutic strategies targeting the aberrant accumulation of R-loops.
最近，转录与基因组稳定性之间的复杂关系引发了越来越多的关注，其中特别关注了一种称为R环的分子结构的生理意义。当RNA链侵入DNA双链体时，这些结构就会出现，其形成涉及影响基因表达、DNA修复过程或细胞内稳态的广泛调节功能。如果不能有效去除，R环的持续存在会导致基因组不稳定，这突出了负责其分解和修饰的因素的重要性。在这篇综述中，我们全面概述了R环加工如何产生有益或有害的结果。此外，我们探讨了操纵此类结构以设计针对R环异常积累的合理治疗策略的潜力。
