Laboratoire de Virologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
Infect Dis Now. 2024 Jun;54(4S):104862. doi: 10.1016/j.idnow.2024.104862. Epub 2024 Jun 6.
In France, outdoor sports and activities account for 36% of sports engagement, making outdoor venues the most popular settings for sports participation. Discussing the links between sports and health almost always highlights the beneficial impact of engaging in sports. However, due to a lack of specific notifications, infectious risks are not subject to epidemiological monitoring, and need to be better understood. Since the practice of outdoor sports has become part and parcel of many individuals' daily routines, it is essential to more accurately characterize the knowledge we have gained about the risks associated with exposure. However, directly associating the practice of a sport with an elevated risk of infectious diseases is a challenging endeavor. Sociological factors based on risk awareness and adoption of protective behaviors in response to the risk are crucial to the orientation of prevention efforts. This review deals with several (bacteriological, viral, parasitic, and mycological) infectious risks related to outdoor activities practiced in a natural field via contamination routes such as tick-bite, enteric pathogen, skin, and aerosol transmission. We have also detailed a number of preventive measures taking into account the outdoor setting (e.g., vaccination).
在法国，户外运动和活动占体育参与的 36%，使户外场地成为最受欢迎的体育参与场所。讨论体育与健康之间的联系几乎总是强调参与体育运动的有益影响。然而，由于缺乏具体的通知，传染病风险不受流行病学监测，需要更好地理解。由于户外运动已成为许多人日常生活的一部分，因此必须更准确地描述我们对与暴露相关的风险的了解。然而，将运动的实践与传染病的风险直接联系起来是一项具有挑战性的工作。基于风险意识的社会学因素和针对风险采取的保护行为对于预防工作的方向至关重要。这篇综述涉及通过蜱叮咬、肠道病原体、皮肤和空气传播等污染途径与在自然场地进行的户外活动相关的几种（细菌学、病毒学、寄生虫学和真菌学）传染病风险。我们还详细介绍了一些考虑到户外环境的预防措施（例如，疫苗接种）。
