Klonoff-Cohen Hillary Sandra, Cohen Auroraleigh, Gobin Robyn L, Polavarapu Mounika, Allen Ryan, Reddy Swetha, Vuyyuru Chandana
Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA.
School of Population Health, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA.
Chronic Stress (Thousand Oaks). 2024 Jun 5;8:24705470241259939. doi: 10.1177/24705470241259939. eCollection 2024 Jan-Dec.
Currently, 1 in 5 college students struggle with suicidal ideation while 7% to 44% engage in nonsuicidal self-injury. Illinois has one of the highest teenage and college student suicide rates in the United States. This pilot study assessed suicide ideation and self-harm behaviors at a public Illinois university. This is the first study to use 5 standardized psychological instruments to investigate these 2 crises in freshmen college students who are all required to reside in dormitories. The main hypothesis was to determine if the independent effects of freshmen students' depression, Five-Factor Model, and Reasons for Living affected the dependent variables, self-harm behaviors and suicide ideation. Forty first-year college dormitory students completed the Beck Depression Inventory-II, Scale of Suicidal Ideation, Five-Factor Model, Inventory of Statements About Self-Injury, and Reasons for Living Scale in person. Participants were 18 to 19 years old, predominantly female (65%), and non-White (62%). Forty percent reported self-harm behaviors and 19% reported suicidal ideation. The top reasons for contemplated suicide attempts included the inability to solve problems (33%) and attention/revenge (28%). Students experienced high levels of anxiety (55%), self-consciousness (43%), and depression (18%). Depression was associated with suicide ideation (β= 0.05, = .006), while neuroticism and openness were associated with self-harm behaviors (= 3.36, = .02, = 0.48, = .047, respectively). Ninety-five percent reported "responsibility to family" as a Reason for Living. Preliminary evidence necessitates an examination of self-harm and suicide ideation among all freshmen, investigating both risk and protective factors. In the future, a prevention intervention should be implemented campus-wide (and eventually nationwide) for all first-year dormitory students to enhance their mental well-being.
目前，五分之一的大学生存在自杀念头，7%至44%的学生有非自杀性自伤行为。伊利诺伊州是美国青少年和大学生自杀率最高的州之一。这项试点研究评估了伊利诺伊州一所公立大学学生的自杀念头和自我伤害行为。这是第一项使用5种标准化心理工具来调查所有必须住在宿舍的大学新生这两种危机情况的研究。主要假设是确定大学新生的抑郁、五因素模型和生存理由的独立影响是否会影响因变量——自我伤害行为和自杀念头。40名大学一年级宿舍学生亲自完成了贝克抑郁量表第二版、自杀意念量表、五因素模型、自我伤害陈述量表和生存理由量表。参与者年龄在18至19岁之间，以女性为主（65%），非白人（62%）。40%的人报告有自我伤害行为，19%的人报告有自杀念头。考虑自杀未遂的首要原因包括无法解决问题（33%）和引起注意/报复（28%）。学生们有高度的焦虑（55%）、自我意识（43%）和抑郁（18%）。抑郁与自杀念头相关（β=0.05，P=0.006），而神经质和开放性与自我伤害行为相关（分别为β=3.36，P=0.02，β=0.48，P=0.047）。95%的人将“对家庭的责任”作为生存理由。初步证据表明有必要对所有新生的自我伤害和自杀念头进行检查，同时调查风险因素和保护因素。未来，应该在全校（最终在全国范围内）对所有一年级宿舍学生实施预防干预措施，以提高他们的心理健康水平。
