Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia.
Scientific Veterinary Institute "Novi Sad", Novi Sad, Serbia.
Curr Microbiol. 2024 Jun 7;81(7):215. doi: 10.1007/s00284-024-03705-w.
Non-tailed icosahedral phages belonging to families Fiersviridae (phages MS2 and Qbeta), Tectiviridae (PRD1) and Microviridae (phiX174) have not been considered in detail so far as potential antibacterial agents. The aim of the study was to examine various aspects of the applicability of these phages as antibacterial agents. Antibacterial potential of four phages was investigated via bacterial growth and biofilm formation inhibition, lytic spectra determination, and phage safety examination. The phage phiX174 was combined with different classes of antibiotics to evaluate potential synergistic interactions. In addition, the incidence of phiX174-insensitive mutants was analyzed. The results showed that only phiX174 out of four phages tested against their corresponding hosts inhibited bacterial growth for > 90% at different multiplicity of infection and that only this phage considerably prevented biofilm formation. Although all phages show the absence of potentially undesirable genes, they also have extremely narrow lytic spectra. The synergism was determined between phage phiX174 and ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, macrolides, and chloramphenicol. It was shown that the simultaneous application of agents is more effective than successive treatment, where one agent is applied first. The analysis of the appearance of phiX174 bacteriophage-insensitive mutants showed that mutations occur with a frequency of 10. The examined non-tailed phages have a limited potential for use as antibacterial agents, primarily due to a very narrow lytic spectrum and the high frequency of resistant mutants appearance, but Microviridae can be considered in the future as biocontrol agents against susceptible strains of E. coli in combinations with conventional antimicrobial agents.
迄今为止，尚未详细考虑属于 Fiersviridae（噬菌体 MS2 和 Qbeta）、Tectiviridae（PRD1）和 Microviridae（phiX174）家族的无尾二十面体噬菌体作为潜在的抗菌剂。本研究旨在研究这些噬菌体作为抗菌剂的适用性的各个方面。通过抑制细菌生长和生物膜形成、确定裂解谱以及检查噬菌体安全性，研究了四种噬菌体的抗菌潜力。将噬菌体 phiX174 与不同类别的抗生素结合，以评估潜在的协同相互作用。此外，还分析了 phiX174 不敏感突变体的发生率。结果表明，在所测试的四种噬菌体中，只有 phiX174 能够在不同的感染复数下抑制其相应宿主的生长超过 90%，并且只有这种噬菌体能够显著防止生物膜形成。尽管所有噬菌体都显示出不存在潜在不良基因，但它们的裂解谱也极其狭窄。确定了噬菌体 phiX174 与头孢他啶、头孢曲松、环丙沙星、大环内酯类和氯霉素之间的协同作用。结果表明，同时应用这些药物比先应用一种药物然后再应用另一种药物更有效。phiX174 噬菌体不敏感突变体出现的分析表明，突变的发生频率为 10。所研究的无尾噬菌体作为抗菌剂的潜力有限，主要是由于其裂解谱非常狭窄，而且耐药突变体出现的频率很高，但可以考虑将 Microviridae 作为与传统抗菌药物联合使用的针对敏感大肠杆菌菌株的生物防治剂。
