EXER-GENUD "Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development" Research Group, Universidad de Zaragoza, C/ Pedro Cerbuna Nº 12, 50009, Saragossa, Spain.
EXERNET Red de Investigación en Ejercicio Físico y Salud, Saragossa, Spain.
Arch Osteoporos. 2024 Jun 10;19(1):47. doi: 10.1007/s11657-024-01405-3.
Muscular fitness plays a major role in bone health and body composition in overweight and obese children. It is key that the development of this muscle fitness is affected by absolute isometric strength and dynamic strength.
To compare bone health and body composition between overweight/obese children considering muscular fitness (MF) levels, and to investigate whether weight-bearing dynamic or absolute isometric strength, both involved in the development of this muscular fitness, are more related with bone health.
MF of 59 overweight or obese children (10.1 ± 0.9 years, 27 females) was measured by a countermovement jump (CMJ), handgrip, and maximal isometric strength of knee extension. Participants were divided into four groups depending on their MF level performing a cluster analysis: 16 children with high MF (HMF) in all tests, 18 with high performance in isometric strength (HIS), 15 with high performance in CMJ (HCMJ) and 10 low isometric and low dynamic force values (LMF). Body composition values were measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry, and bone strength values were assessed by peripheral quantitative computed tomography. Motor skills were evaluated using TGMD-3. Multivariate analysis of covariance test was applied to analyse bone strength differences between children in the different MF groups, using maturity offset, height and weight as covariates, and correlations were investigated.
HMF excelled in bone health. HIS had higher cortical bone area, periosteal circumference, bone mass, polar strength strain index and fracture load than LMF, while HCMJ only showed better results in trabecular bone area than LMF. HMF had significantly better values of fracture load and periosteal and endosteal circumferences than HCMJ, but not than HIS.
High MF level shows positive effects on bone health in overweight/obese children. Those with highest isometric strength had better bone health compared to those with higher dynamic strength.
The research project was registered in a public database Clinicaltrials.gov in June 2020 with the identification number NCT04418713.
比较考虑肌肉力量（MF）水平的超重/肥胖儿童的骨健康和身体成分，并探讨参与肌肉力量发展的负重动力或绝对等长力量与骨健康的相关性。
通过反跳式纵跳（CMJ）、握力和最大等长伸膝强度测量 59 名超重或肥胖儿童（10.1±0.9 岁，27 名女性）的 MF。根据他们在所有测试中的 MF 水平，通过聚类分析将参与者分为 4 组：16 名具有高 MF（HMF）的儿童，18 名具有高等长力量表现（HIS）的儿童，15 名具有高 CMJ 表现（HCMJ）的儿童和 10 名低等长和低动力力量值（LMF）的儿童。通过双能 X 射线吸收法测量身体成分值，通过外周定量计算机断层摄影术评估骨强度值。使用 TGMD-3 评估运动技能。使用成熟偏移量、身高和体重作为协变量，应用协方差分析多变量检验分析不同 MF 组儿童之间骨强度的差异，并进行相关性研究。
HMF 在骨健康方面表现出色。与 LMF 相比，HIS 具有更高的皮质骨面积、骨膜周长、骨量、极强度应变指数和骨折负荷，而 HCMJ 仅显示出优于 LMF 的骨小梁面积。与 HCMJ 相比，HMF 具有显著更好的骨折负荷和骨膜和内骨周长值，但不如 HIS。
高 MF 水平对超重/肥胖儿童的骨健康有积极影响。与具有较高动力强度的儿童相比，具有最高等长强度的儿童具有更好的骨健康。
该研究项目于 2020 年 6 月在公共数据库 Clinicaltrials.gov 上注册，识别号为 NCT04418713。
