Sooriyaarachchi Piumika, Jayawardena Ranil, Pavey Toby, King Neil A
Faculty of Health, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
Health and Wellness Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka.
Nutr Metab (Lond). 2024 Jun 10;21(1):32. doi: 10.1186/s12986-024-00799-8.
Shift work has been identified as a risk factor for several chronic health conditions including obesity. This study evaluated the impact of a low-calorie meal replacement (MR) as a dinner substitute on body composition and metabolic parameters in shift workers with overweight and obesity.
An 8-week parallel, randomized controlled trial was conducted on overweight and obese shift workers in a large hospital. An intervention group (IG) (n = 25) was provided with a low-calorie MR shake (∼200 kcal) as a replacement for dinner, every day for 8 weeks, while the control group (CG) (n = 25) continued their habitual diet. Anthropometric measurements, body composition, biochemical, and lifestyle data were assessed at the first and last visits. Analyses were done per protocol (PP) and by intention to treat (ITT).
Over the study duration, both groups displayed moderate changes in anthropometric measurements and body composition, although these were not statistically significant according to the PP analysis. In the ITT analysis, apart from the hip circumference (HC), all other anthropometric parameters demonstrated significant group and time interactions, suggesting the advantageous effects of the meal replacement over the study period (P < 0.05). HDL and VLDL cholesterol measures showed significant main effects, influenced by both group (P = 0.031) and time (P = 0.050) respectively. The most pronounced dietary shift in the IG was a reduction in carbohydrate consumption and an increase in protein intake. Throughout the study, the meal replacement was well-tolerated, with no adverse events reported.
The meal replacement dietary intervention appears to offer beneficial health effects over time. Extended research is crucial to understand the broader implications of meal replacements across diverse populations.
Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR): ACTRN12622000231741. Registered on 09 February 2022. https://www.anzctr.org.au/ACTRN12622000231741.aspx .
轮班工作已被确认为包括肥胖在内的多种慢性健康状况的风险因素。本研究评估了低热量代餐（MR）作为晚餐替代品对超重和肥胖轮班工作者身体成分和代谢参数的影响。
在一家大型医院对超重和肥胖的轮班工作者进行了一项为期8周的平行随机对照试验。干预组（IG）（n = 25）每天用低热量MR奶昔（约200千卡）替代晚餐，持续8周，而对照组（CG）（n = 25）继续其习惯饮食。在首次和末次访视时评估人体测量学指标、身体成分、生化指标和生活方式数据。按方案（PP）和意向性分析（ITT）进行分析。
在研究期间，两组的人体测量学指标和身体成分均有适度变化，尽管根据PP分析这些变化无统计学意义。在ITT分析中，除臀围（HC）外，所有其他人体测量学参数均显示出显著的组间和时间交互作用，表明在研究期间代餐具有有利影响（P < 0.05）。高密度脂蛋白（HDL）和极低密度脂蛋白（VLDL）胆固醇测量显示出显著的主效应，分别受组间（P = 0.031）和时间（P = 0.050）影响。IG组最明显的饮食变化是碳水化合物摄入量减少和蛋白质摄入量增加。在整个研究过程中，代餐耐受性良好，未报告不良事件。
随着时间推移，代餐饮食干预似乎对健康有益。开展进一步研究对于了解代餐在不同人群中的更广泛影响至关重要。
澳大利亚新西兰临床试验注册中心（ANZCTR）：ACTRN12622000231741。于2022年2月9日注册。https://www.anzctr.org.au/ACTRN12622000231741.aspx 。
