Guo Xiaohui, Xu Yifan, He Hairong, Cai Hao, Zhang Jianfen, Li Yibin, Yan Xinyu, Zhang Man, Zhang Na, Maddela Rolando L, Nicodemus-Johnson Jessie, Ma Guansheng
Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, 38 Xue Yuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China.
USANA Health Sciences Inc., 3838 W Parkway Boulevard, West Valley City, UT 84120, USA.
J Obes. 2018 Dec 26;2018:2837367. doi: 10.1155/2018/2837367. eCollection 2018.
Meal replacement plans are effective tools for weight loss and improvement of various clinical characteristics but not sustainable due to the severe energy restriction. The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of meal replacement, specifically 388 kcal in total energy, on body composition and metabolic parameters in individuals with overweight and obesity from a Chinese population. A parallel, randomized controlled trial was performed with 174 participants (ChiCTR-OOC-17012000). The intervention group (=86) was provided with a dinner meal replacement, and the control group (=88) continued their routine diet as before. Body composition and blood parameters were assessed at 0, 4, 8, and 12 weeks. A post hoc analysis (least significant difference (LSD) test), repeated measurements, and paired -test were used to compare each variable within and between groups. Significant ( < 0.001) improvements in body composition components were observed among the intervention group, including body weight (-4.3 ± 3.3%), body mass index (-4.3 ± 3.3%), waist circumference (-4.3 ± 4.4%), fat-free mass (-1.8 ± 2.9%), and body fat mass (-5.3 ± 8.8%). Body composition improvements corresponded with significant metabolic improvements of blood glucose (-4.7 ± 9.8%). Further improvements in visceral fat area (-7.7 ± 10.1%), accompanying with improvements in systolic (-3.7 ± 6.9%) and diastolic (-5.3 ± 7.7%) blood pressure, were only found in male subjects. To conclude, meal replacement intake with 388 kcal in total energy at dinner time for 12 weeks contributed to improvement in body composition and clinically significant metabolic parameters in both male and female participants with overweight/obesity. Additionally, glucose and blood pressure reduction were gender-specific highlighting the importance of gender stratification for design of nutritional intervention studies for improvement of health.
代餐计划是减肥和改善各种临床特征的有效工具，但由于严格的能量限制而难以持续。本研究的目的是评估代餐（总能量为388千卡）对中国超重和肥胖个体身体成分和代谢参数的影响。对174名参与者进行了一项平行随机对照试验（ChiCTR-OOC-17012000）。干预组（n = 86）晚餐食用代餐，对照组（n = 88）继续常规饮食。在第0、4、8和12周评估身体成分和血液参数。采用事后分析（最小显著差异（LSD）检验）、重复测量和配对检验来比较组内和组间的每个变量。干预组身体成分各指标有显著改善（P < 0.001），包括体重（-4.3 ± 3.3%）、体重指数（-4.3 ± 3.3%）、腰围（-4.3 ± 4.4%）、去脂体重（-1.8 ± 2.9%）和体脂肪量（-5.3 ± 8.8%）。身体成分的改善与血糖的显著代谢改善（-4.7 ± 9.8%）相对应。仅在男性受试者中发现内脏脂肪面积进一步改善（-7.7 ± 10.1%），同时收缩压（-3.7 ± 6.9%）和舒张压（-5.3 ± 7.7%）也有所改善。总之，晚餐时摄入总能量为388千卡的代餐12周有助于超重/肥胖的男性和女性参与者改善身体成分和具有临床意义的代谢参数。此外，血糖和血压的降低具有性别特异性，突出了性别分层在设计营养干预研究以改善健康方面的重要性。
