Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm 10691, Sweden
Genes Dev. 2024 Jun 25;38(9-10):357-359. doi: 10.1101/gad.351969.124.
Gene transcription is intimately linked to chromatin state and histone modifications. However, the enzymes mediating these post-translational modifications have many additional, nonhistone substrates, making it difficult to ascribe the most relevant modification. In this issue of , Crain and colleagues (doi:10.1101/gad.351698.124) have combined a powerful histone replacement system with mutational analysis of a chromatin regulator and a chromatin reader in Importantly, they discovered that genes controlled by the histone 4 lysine 20 (H4K20) methyltransferase Set8 and the protein recognizing H4K20 monomethylation, L(3)mbt, differ substantially from those affected by mutation of H4K20 itself. This demonstrates that H4K20 is not the key substrate for Set8 but that methylation of other, unidentified proteins mediates its effects on transcription.
基因转录与染色质状态和组蛋白修饰密切相关。然而，介导这些翻译后修饰的酶有许多其他非组蛋白底物，这使得很难确定最相关的修饰。在本期的《基因与发育》杂志中，Crain 及其同事（doi:10.1101/gad.351698.124）将一种强大的组蛋白替换系统与染色质调节因子和染色质阅读器的突变分析相结合。重要的是，他们发现受组蛋白 4 赖氨酸 20（H4K20）甲基转移酶 Set8 控制的基因和识别 H4K20 单甲基化的蛋白质 L(3)mbt 与受 H4K20 自身突变影响的基因有很大的不同。这表明 H4K20 不是 Set8 的关键底物，而是其他未鉴定的蛋白质的甲基化介导了它对转录的影响。
