Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China.
School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China.
Adv Sci (Weinh). 2024 Aug;11(29):e2400251. doi: 10.1002/advs.202400251. Epub 2024 Jun 12.
Photosynthesis, essential for life on earth, sustains diverse processes by providing nutrition in plants and microorganisms. Especially, photosynthesis is increasingly applied in disease treatments, but its efficacy is substantially limited by the well-known low penetration depth of external light. Here, ultrasound-mediated photosynthesis is reported for enhanced sonodynamic tumor therapy using organic sonoafterglow (ultrasound-induced afterglow) nanoparticles combined with cyanobacteria, demonstrating the proof-of-concept sonosynthesis (sonoafterglow-induced photosynthesis) in cancer therapy. Chlorin e6, a typical small-molecule chlorine, is formulated into nanoparticles to stimulate cyanobacteria for sonosynthesis, which serves three roles, i.e., overcoming the tissue-penetration limitations of external light sources, reducing hypoxia, and acting as a sonosensitizer for in vivo tumor suppression. Furthermore, sonosynthetic oxygenation suppresses the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α, leading to reduced stability of downstream SLC7A11 mRNA, which results in glutathione depletion and inactivation of glutathione peroxidase 4, thereby inducing ferroptosis of cancer cells. This study not only broadens the scope of microbial nanomedicine but also offers a distinct direction for sonosynthesis.
光合作用对于地球上的生命至关重要，它通过为植物和微生物提供营养来维持各种过程。特别是，光合作用越来越多地应用于疾病治疗，但由于众所周知的外部光穿透深度低，其疗效受到极大限制。在这里，报道了一种基于超声介导的光合作用，用于增强使用有机声敏后发光（超声诱导的余晖）纳米粒子与蓝细菌结合的声动力学肿瘤治疗，证明了癌症治疗中的声合成（声敏后发光诱导的光合作用）的概念验证。氯乙酮是一种典型的小分子氯，被制成纳米颗粒以刺激蓝细菌进行声合成，它有三个作用，即克服外部光源的组织穿透限制、减少缺氧并作为体内肿瘤抑制的声敏剂。此外，声合成的氧合作用抑制缺氧诱导因子 1α的表达，导致下游 SLC7A11 mRNA 的稳定性降低，从而导致谷胱甘肽耗竭和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 4失活，从而诱导癌细胞发生铁死亡。本研究不仅拓宽了微生物纳米医学的范围，还为声合成提供了一个独特的方向。
