Moemenbellah-Fard Mohammad Djaefar, Hosseinizadeh Zahra-Sadat, Alipour Hamzeh, Heiran Roghayeh, Shahriari-Namadi Marzieh, Ghasemian Abdolmajid, Osanloo Mahmoud
Research Center for Health Sciences, Institute of Health, Department of Biology and Control of Disease Vectors, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences (SUMS), Shiraz, Iran.
Estahban Higher Education Center- Shiraz University, Estahban, Iran.
J Arthropod Borne Dis. 2023 Dec 31;17(4):371-382. doi: 10.18502/jad.v17i4.15300. eCollection 2023 Dec.
Malaria has remained the most dreadful vector-borne disease; hence, vector control is the most affordable and achievable approach to mitigate the disease burden. Due to the emergence of resistance and environmental pollution, herbal larvicides are considered an alternative to chemical types. Also, nanotechnology has been proposed as a promising solution to improve the efficiency of plant larvicides. This study aimed to develop an effective herbal larvicide.
The chemical composition of essential oil (EO) was first investigated. Nanoliposomes containing the EO were then prepared using the ethanol injection method. After that, the larvicidal efficacy of the EO and its liposomal state were compared against in laboratory conditions.
Alpha-terpinyl acetate (77.59%), eucalyptol (4.38%), nerolidol (2.96%), linalool (1.77%), and limonene (1.69%) were the five major compounds of the EO. Nanoliposomes containing the EO with a particle size of 73±5 nm and a zeta potential of -16.3±0.8 mV were prepared. Additionally, the ATR-FTIR analysis verified the successful loading of the EO into nanoliposomes. The larvicidal activity of nanoliposomes exhibited remarkable potency, with an LC value of 14.35 (10-18) μg/mL, significantly more potent than the non-formulated EO, which had an LC value of 33.47 (28-39) μg/mL against larvae.
The nanoliposomes containing EO showed promising efficacy against larvae. It could thus be considered for further application against other species of mosquitoes.
疟疾仍然是最可怕的媒介传播疾病；因此，病媒控制是减轻疾病负担最经济可行的方法。由于抗药性的出现和环境污染，植物源杀幼虫剂被认为是化学类杀幼虫剂的替代品。此外，纳米技术已被提议作为提高植物源杀幼虫剂效率的一种有前景的解决方案。本研究旨在开发一种有效的植物源杀幼虫剂。
首先研究了精油（EO）的化学成分。然后采用乙醇注入法制备了含有EO的纳米脂质体。之后，在实验室条件下比较了EO及其脂质体状态对幼虫的杀幼虫效果。
α-萜品醇乙酸酯（77.59%）、桉叶油素（4.38%）、橙花叔醇（2.96%）、芳樟醇（1.77%）和柠檬烯（1.69%）是EO的五种主要成分。制备了粒径为73±5nm、ζ电位为-16.3±0.8mV的含有EO的纳米脂质体。此外，ATR-FTIR分析证实了EO成功负载到纳米脂质体中。纳米脂质体的杀幼虫活性表现出显著的效力，LC值为14.35（10-18）μg/mL，比未配制的EO的效力显著更高，未配制的EO对幼虫的LC值为33.47（28-39）μg/mL。
含有EO的纳米脂质体对幼虫显示出有前景的效果。因此，可考虑将其进一步应用于防治其他种类的蚊子。
