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情绪中的认知评估模式。

Patterns of cognitive appraisal in emotion.

作者信息

Smith C A, Ellsworth P C

出版信息

J Pers Soc Psychol. 1985 Apr;48(4):813-38.

PMID:3886875
Abstract

There has long been interest in describing emotional experience in terms of underlying dimensions, but traditionally only two dimensions, pleasantness and arousal, have been reliably found. The reasons for these findings are reviewed, and integrating this review with two recent theories of emotions (Roseman, 1984; Scherer, 1982), we propose eight cognitive appraisal dimensions to differentiate emotional experience. In an investigation of this model, subjects recalled past experiences associated with each of 15 emotions, and rated them along the proposed dimensions. Six orthogonal dimensions, pleasantness, anticipated effort, certainty, attentional activity, self-other responsibility/control, and situational control, were recovered, and the emotions varied systematically along each of these dimensions, indicating a strong relation between the appraisal of one's circumstances and one's emotional state. The patterns of appraisal for the different emotions, and the role of each of the dimensions in differentiating emotional experience are discussed.

摘要

长期以来,人们一直热衷于从潜在维度来描述情感体验,但传统上仅可靠地发现了两个维度,即愉悦度和唤醒度。本文回顾了得出这些发现的原因,并将这一回顾与最近的两种情绪理论(罗斯曼,1984;谢勒,1982)相结合,我们提出了八个认知评估维度来区分情感体验。在对该模型的一项研究中,受试者回忆了与15种情绪中的每一种相关的过去经历,并按照提出的维度对它们进行评分。得到了六个正交维度,即愉悦度、预期努力、确定性、注意力活动、自我 - 他人责任/控制和情境控制,并且这些情绪在每个维度上都有系统地变化,表明对自身处境的评估与自身情绪状态之间存在密切关系。本文讨论了不同情绪的评估模式以及每个维度在区分情感体验中的作用。

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