Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, the Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, China.
Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
J Mater Chem B. 2024 Jun 27;12(25):6005-6032. doi: 10.1039/d3tb03070a.
Periodontitis is an immune-inflammatory disease caused by dental plaque, and deteriorates the periodontal ligament, causes alveolar bone loss, and may lead to tooth loss. To treat periodontitis, antibacterial and anti-inflammation approaches are required to reduce bone loss. Thus, appropriate drug administration methods are significant. Due to their "syringeability", biocompatibility, and convenience, injectable hydrogels and associated methods have been extensively studied and used for periodontitis therapy. Such hydrogels are made from natural and synthetic polymer materials using physical and/or chemical cross-linking approaches. Interestingly, some injectable hydrogels are stimuli-responsive hydrogels, which respond to the local microenvironment and form hydrogels that release drugs. Therefore, as injectable hydrogels are different and highly varied, we systematically reviewed the periodontal treatment field from three perspectives: raw material sources, cross-linking methods, and stimuli-responsive methods. We then discussed current challenges and opportunities for the translation of hydrogels to clinic, which may guide further injectable hydrogel designs for periodontitis.
牙周炎是一种由牙菌斑引起的免疫炎症性疾病，会恶化牙周韧带，导致牙槽骨流失，可能导致牙齿脱落。治疗牙周炎需要采取抗菌和抗炎措施，以减少骨质流失。因此，选择合适的药物给药方法非常重要。由于其“可注射性”、生物相容性和便利性，可注射水凝胶及其相关方法已被广泛研究和用于牙周炎治疗。这些水凝胶由天然和合成聚合物材料制成，采用物理和/或化学交联方法。有趣的是，一些可注射水凝胶是对刺激有响应的水凝胶，它们可以响应局部微环境并形成释放药物的水凝胶。因此，由于可注射水凝胶的种类繁多且差异很大，我们从原材料来源、交联方法和刺激响应方法三个方面系统地综述了牙周病治疗领域。然后，我们讨论了水凝胶向临床转化的当前挑战和机遇，这可能会指导进一步设计用于牙周炎的可注射水凝胶。
