Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo, 11785, Egypt.
Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, 11231, Egypt.
Curr Atheroscler Rep. 2024 Aug;26(8):395-410. doi: 10.1007/s11883-024-01216-4. Epub 2024 Jun 13.
To eradicate atherosclerotic diseases, novel biomarkers, and future therapy targets must reveal the burden of early atherosclerosis (AS), which occurs before life-threatening unstable plaques form. The chemical and biological features of microRNAs (miRNAs) make them interesting biomarkers for numerous diseases. We summarized the latest research on miRNA regulatory mechanisms in AS progression studies, which may help us use miRNAs as biomarkers and treatments for difficult-to-treat diseases.
Recent research has demonstrated that miRNAs have a regulatory function in the observed changes in gene and protein expression during atherogenesis, the process that leads to atherosclerosis. Several miRNAs play a role in the development of atherosclerosis, and these miRNAs could potentially serve as non-invasive biomarkers for atherosclerosis in various regions of the body. These miRNAs have the potential to serve as biomarkers and targets for early treatment of atherosclerosis. The start and development of AS require different miRNAs. It reviews new research on miRNAs affecting endothelium, vascular smooth muscle, vascular inflammation, lipid retention, and cholesterol metabolism in AS. A miRNA gene expression profile circulates with AS everywhere. AS therapies include lipid metabolism, inflammation reduction, and oxidative stress inhibition. Clinical use of miRNAs requires tremendous progress. We think tiny miRNAs can enable personalized treatment.
为了根除动脉粥样硬化疾病，新型生物标志物和未来的治疗靶点必须揭示早期动脉粥样硬化（AS）的负担，因为在形成危及生命的不稳定斑块之前就已经发生了 AS。微小 RNA（miRNA）的化学和生物学特征使其成为许多疾病的有趣生物标志物。我们总结了 miRNA 在 AS 进展研究中调节机制的最新研究，这可能有助于我们将 miRNA 用作难以治疗的疾病的生物标志物和治疗方法。
最近的研究表明，miRNA 在动脉粥样发生过程中观察到的基因和蛋白质表达变化中具有调节功能，动脉粥样发生导致动脉粥样硬化。几种 miRNA 在动脉粥样硬化的发展中起作用，这些 miRNA 可能作为体内不同部位动脉粥样硬化的非侵入性生物标志物。这些 miRNA 具有作为动脉粥样硬化早期治疗的生物标志物和靶点的潜力。AS 的开始和发展需要不同的 miRNA。综述了影响 AS 中的内皮、血管平滑肌、血管炎症、脂质蓄积和胆固醇代谢的 miRNA 的新研究。miRNA 基因表达谱在 AS 各处循环。AS 的治疗包括脂质代谢、炎症减轻和氧化应激抑制。miRNA 的临床应用需要取得巨大进展。我们认为微小的 miRNA 可以实现个性化治疗。
