Key Laboratory for Natural Active Pharmaceutical Constituents Research in Universities of Shandong Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250014, China.
Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250014, China.
BMC Plant Biol. 2024 Jun 18;24(1):575. doi: 10.1186/s12870-024-05291-2.
Salvia miltiorrhiza, a well-known traditional Chinese medicine, frequently suffers from replant diseases that adversely affect its quality and yield. To elucidate S. miltiorrhiza's metabolic adaptations to replant disease, we analyzed its metabolome and transcriptome, comparing normal and replant diseased plants for the first time.
We identified 1,269 metabolites, 257 of which were differentially accumulated metabolites, and identified 217 differentially expressed genes. Integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses revealed a significant up-regulation and co-expression of metabolites and genes associated with plant hormone signal transduction and flavonoid biosynthesis pathways in replant diseases. Within plant hormone signal transduction pathway, plants afflicted with replant disease markedly accumulated indole-3-acetic acid and abscisic acid, correlating with high expression of their biosynthesis-related genes (SmAmidase, SmALDH, SmNCED, and SmAAOX3). Simultaneously, changes in hormone concentrations activated plant hormone signal transduction pathways. Moreover, under replant disease, metabolites in the local flavonoid metabolite biosynthetic pathway were significantly accumulated, consistent with the up-regulated gene (SmHTC1 and SmHTC2). The qRT-PCR analysis largely aligned with the transcriptomic results, confirming the trends in gene expression. Moreover, we identified 10 transcription factors co-expressed with differentially accumulated metabolites.
Overall, we revealed the key genes and metabolites of S. miltiorrhiza under replant disease, establishing a robust foundation for future inquiries into the molecular responses to combat replant stress.
丹参是一种著名的中药，常遭受连作障碍的影响，从而降低其质量和产量。为了阐明丹参对连作障碍的代谢适应机制，我们首次对正常和连作障碍植株进行了代谢组和转录组分析。
我们共鉴定到 1269 种代谢物，其中 257 种为差异积累代谢物，217 个差异表达基因。整合转录组和代谢组分析结果表明，在连作障碍中，与植物激素信号转导和黄酮类生物合成途径相关的代谢物和基因显著上调和共表达。在植物激素信号转导途径中，连作障碍植株显著积累了吲哚-3-乙酸和脱落酸，与其生物合成相关基因（SmAmidase、SmALDH、SmNCED 和 SmAAOX3）的高表达相关。同时，激素浓度的变化激活了植物激素信号转导途径。此外，在连作障碍条件下，局部类黄酮代谢物生物合成途径中的代谢物显著积累，与上调基因（SmHTC1 和 SmHTC2）一致。qRT-PCR 分析结果与转录组结果基本一致，证实了基因表达的趋势。此外，我们鉴定出 10 个与差异积累代谢物共表达的转录因子。
总之，我们揭示了丹参在连作障碍下的关键基因和代谢物，为进一步研究丹参对连作胁迫的分子响应奠定了基础。
