Krstin Ljiljana, Katanić Zorana, Benčić Katarina, Lončar Laura, Pfeiffer Tanja Žuna
Department of Biology, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia.
Plants (Basel). 2024 Jun 5;13(11):1566. doi: 10.3390/plants13111566.
The Republic of Croatia is spread in geographical and climatic conditions that support a great diversity of habitats and associated plant taxa, many of which can be used for food or medicine. However, urbanization, loss of natural habitats, as well as changes in people's dependence on the natural resources from the surrounding environment may lead to the loss of valuable knowledge about the use of plants and mushrooms. With the aim of studying and preserving this knowledge in the continental north-western part of Croatia, an ethnobotanical survey was undertaken at the two study areas-Valpovo and Đurđevac, which included a total of 17 settlements. A total of 103 informants, 65% female and 35% male, aged between 22 and 83 years, participated in an interview using pre-planned questionnaires. The informants reported 131 plants belonging to 55 families and 17 mushroom taxa. The largest number of plants belonged to the families of Rosaceae, Lamiaceae, Asteraceae, and Apiaceae. In both areas, the informants cultivate and also gather wild plants, but these practices are better preserved in the area of Đurđevac where 109 taxa from 47 families were recorded. In addition to cultivated and gathered plants, informants from the Valpovo area also reported the use of purchased plants. Plants and mushrooms are mostly used as food (21 plant taxa and 17 mushrooms), but plants also serve as medicine (68 taxa), as both food and medicine (35 taxa), feed for cattle (11 taxa), repellent (four taxa), and/or space freshener (two taxa). The most frequently used wild plants are , x and while , and are the most often used mushrooms. The results indicate that the local people in the studied north-western part of Croatia still nurture the practice of cultivating and gathering plants and that herbal remedies are considerably important among the informants. The study should be further extended to broaden and preserve valuable ethnobotanical knowledge and encourage the protection of culturally important plants of the studied area.
克罗地亚共和国分布在各种地理和气候条件下，这些条件支持了多种多样的栖息地以及相关的植物分类群，其中许多可用于食用或药用。然而，城市化、自然栖息地的丧失以及人们对周围环境自然资源依赖的变化，可能导致有关植物和蘑菇使用的宝贵知识流失。为了研究和保护克罗地亚大陆西北部的这一知识，在瓦尔波沃和杜尔杰瓦茨这两个研究区域进行了一次民族植物学调查，这两个区域共有17个定居点。共有103名信息提供者参与了使用预先设计好的问卷进行的访谈，其中女性占65%，男性占35%，年龄在22岁至83岁之间。信息提供者报告了属于55个科的131种植物和17种蘑菇分类群。植物数量最多的科是蔷薇科、唇形科、菊科和伞形科。在这两个区域，信息提供者既种植也采集野生植物，但这些做法在杜尔杰瓦茨地区保存得更好，该地区记录了来自47个科的109个分类群。除了种植和采集的植物外，瓦尔波沃地区的信息提供者还报告了购买植物的使用情况。植物和蘑菇大多用作食物（21种植物分类群和17种蘑菇），但植物也用作药物（68个分类群）、既作食物又作药物（35个分类群）、牛的饲料（11个分类群）、驱虫剂（4个分类群）和/或空气清新剂（2个分类群）。最常使用的野生植物是 、 和 ，而 、 和 是最常使用的蘑菇。结果表明，克罗地亚西北部研究区域的当地人仍然保留着种植和采集植物的做法，并且草药疗法在信息提供者中相当重要。该研究应进一步扩展，以拓宽和保护宝贵的民族植物学知识，并鼓励保护研究区域具有文化重要性的植物。
