Li Shufang, Ma Tian, An Yawen, Zhang Yu, Yang Xiaodong, Gao Aiwu, Wang Hairong
Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China.
Food Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China.
Animals (Basel). 2024 Jun 2;14(11):1666. doi: 10.3390/ani14111666.
Appropriate soluble carbohydrate (SCHO)-to-NDF ratios in the diet are essential for rumen health. The effects of different SCHO-to-NDF ratios (1.0, 1.5, and 2.0) on rumen barrier function and inflammation in Dumont lambs (n = 18, 6 replicates per treatment) was investigated. The SCHO:NDF ratio was altered by replacing the forage () with corn grain. With an increase in the proportion of SCHO, the final body weight (FBW), average daily gain (ADG), soluble carbohydrate intake (SCHOI), and LPS level increased; and the neutral detergent fiber intake (NDFI), ruminal papillae height, papillae area, and pH decreased ( < 0.05, < 0.05). The medium CHO:NDF group had increased claudin-1 mRNA ( < 0.05, = 0.005, = 0.003) and protein ( < 0.05, < 0.001) levels; the high CHO:NDF group had increased occludin mRNA and protein ( < 0.05, = 0.001) levels. The level of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 was significantly greater in the medium CHO:NDF group than in the high CHO:NDF group ( < 0.05, < 0.001). With an increase in the ratio of SCHO, the mRNA level and concentration of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α linearly increased ( < 0.05, < 0.05), and those in the high CHO:NDF group were significantly greater than those in the low CHO:NDF group. The levels of phosphorylated p65 ( = 0.003), IκB-α ( < 0.001), and JNK ( = 0.001) increased linearly, and those in the high CHO:NDF group were significantly greater than those in the other two groups ( < 0.05). Therefore, when the SCHO-to-NDF ratio was increased to 1.5, the rumen epithelium was not affected, but when the ratio was increased to 2.0, NF-κB and MAPK were activated in the rumen epithelium, leading to impaired barrier function and inflammation. The suitable NFC:NDF ratio for the short-term fattening of Dumont lambs was found to be 1.50.
日粮中适宜的可溶性碳水化合物（SCHO）与中性洗涤纤维（NDF）比例对瘤胃健康至关重要。本研究调查了不同SCHO与NDF比例（1.0、1.5和2.0）对杜蒙羔羊（n = 18，每个处理6个重复）瘤胃屏障功能和炎症的影响。通过用玉米籽粒替代牧草来改变SCHO:NDF比例。随着SCHO比例的增加，终末体重（FBW）、平均日增重（ADG）、可溶性碳水化合物摄入量（SCHOI）和脂多糖（LPS）水平升高；而中性洗涤纤维摄入量（NDFI）、瘤胃乳头高度、乳头面积和pH值降低（P < 0.05，P < 0.05）。中等CHO:NDF组的闭合蛋白-1 mRNA（P < 0.05，P = 0.005，P = 0.003）和蛋白（P < 0.05，P < 0.001）水平升高；高CHO:NDF组的闭合蛋白mRNA和蛋白（P < 0.05，P = 0.001）水平升高。中等CHO:NDF组的抗炎细胞因子白细胞介素-10水平显著高于高CHO:NDF组（P < 0.05，P < 0.001）。随着SCHO比例的增加，促炎细胞因子白细胞介素-1β、白细胞介素-6和肿瘤坏死因子-α的mRNA水平和浓度呈线性增加（P < 0.05，P < 0.05），且高CHO:NDF组显著高于低CHO:NDF组。磷酸化p65（P = 0.003）、IκB-α（P < 0.001）和JNK（P = 0.001）水平呈线性增加，且高CHO:NDF组显著高于其他两组（P < 0.05）。因此，当SCHO与NDF比例增加到1.5时，瘤胃上皮未受影响，但当比例增加到2.0时，瘤胃上皮中核因子κB（NF-κB）和丝裂原活化蛋白激酶（MAPK）被激活，导致屏障功能受损和炎症。发现杜蒙羔羊短期育肥的适宜非纤维性碳水化合物（NFC）:NDF比例为1.50。
