Kim Ju-Han, Park Jonghyun, Lee Dong-Kyu, Kim Won-Il, Lyoo Young S, Park Choi-Kyu, Kim Hye-Ryung
College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea.
Swine Medical Corporation, Sunjin Bridge Lab, Icheon 17332, Republic of Korea.
Animals (Basel). 2024 Jun 5;14(11):1698. doi: 10.3390/ani14111698.
Porcine respiratory coronavirus (PRCV) is a member of the species within the genus of the family . A few studies have been conducted on the prevalence of PRCV since its first identification in 1997, but there have been no recent studies on the prevalence and genetic characterization of the virus in Korea. In this study, the seroprevalence of PRCV was determined in Korean pig farms using a commercially available TGEV/PRCV differential enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. The farm-level seroprevalence of PRCV was determined to be 68.6% (48/70), similar to previous reports in Korea, suggesting that PRCV is still circulating in Korean pig herds nationwide. Among the 20 PRCV-seropositive farms tested in this study, PRCV RNAs were detected in 17 oral fluid samples (28.3%) from nine farms (45.0%), while TGEV RNAs were not detected in any sample. To investigate the genetic characteristics of Korean PRCV strains, genetic and phylogenetic analyses were conducted on PRCV spike gene sequences obtained in this study. The three Korean PRCV strains (KPRCV2401, KPRCV2402, and KPRCV2403) shared 98.5-100% homology with each other and 96.2-96.6% and 91.6-94.5% homology with European and American strains, respectively. A 224-amino acid deletion was found in the S gene of both Korean and European PRCVs but not in that of American PRCVs, suggesting a European origin for Korean PRCVs. Phylogenetic analysis showed that Korean PRCVs are more closely related to European PRCVs than American PRCVs but clustered apart from both, suggesting that Korean PRCV has evolved independently since its emergence in Korean PRCVs. The results of this study will help expand knowledge on the epidemiology and molecular biology of PRCV currently circulating in Korea.
猪呼吸道冠状病毒（PRCV）是 科 属 种的一个成员。自1997年首次鉴定出PRCV以来，已经开展了一些关于其流行情况的研究，但最近韩国尚未有关于该病毒流行情况和基因特征的研究。在本研究中，使用市售的TGEV/PRCV鉴别酶联免疫吸附测定试剂盒，测定了韩国猪场中PRCV的血清流行率。PRCV的猪场水平血清流行率被确定为68.6%（48/70），与韩国之前的报道相似，这表明PRCV仍在韩国全国的猪群中传播。在本研究检测的20个PRCV血清阳性猪场中，在来自9个猪场（45.0%）的17份口腔液样本（28.3%）中检测到了PRCV RNA，而在任何样本中均未检测到TGEV RNA。为了研究韩国PRCV毒株的基因特征，对本研究中获得的PRCV刺突基因序列进行了遗传和系统发育分析。三个韩国PRCV毒株（KPRCV2401、KPRCV2402和KPRCV2403）彼此之间具有98.5 - 100%的同源性，与欧洲和美国毒株的同源性分别为96.2 - 96.6%和91.6 - 94.5%。在韩国和欧洲的PRCV的S基因中发现了一个224个氨基酸的缺失，而在美国的PRCV中未发现，这表明韩国的PRCV起源于欧洲。系统发育分析表明，韩国的PRCV与欧洲的PRCV比与美国的PRCV关系更密切，但与两者都聚类分开，这表明韩国的PRCV自其在韩国出现以来已经独立进化。本研究结果将有助于扩展对目前在韩国流行的PRCV的流行病学和分子生物学的认识。
