Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy.
Department of General and Specialistic Surgery, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 May 22;25(11):5620. doi: 10.3390/ijms25115620.
Given the various clinical manifestations that characterize Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), the scientific community is constantly searching for biomarkers with prognostic value. Surfactant proteins A (SP-A) and D (SP-D) are collectins that play a crucial role in ensuring proper alveolar function and an alteration of their serum levels was reported in several pulmonary diseases characterized by Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) and pulmonary fibrosis. Considering that such clinical manifestations can also occur during Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, we wondered if these collectins could act as prognostic markers. In this regard, serum levels of SP-A and SP-D were measured by enzyme immunoassay in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection (n = 51) at admission (T0) and after seven days (T1) and compared with healthy donors (n = 11). SP-D increased in COVID-19 patients compared to healthy controls during the early phases of infection, while a significant reduction was observed at T1. Stratifying SARS-CoV-2 patients according to disease severity, increased serum SP-D levels were observed in severe compared to mild patients. In light of these results, SP-D, but not SP-A, seems to be an eligible marker of COVID-19 pneumonia, and the early detection of SP-D serum levels could be crucial for preventive clinical management.
鉴于 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）的各种临床表现，科学界一直在寻找具有预后价值的生物标志物。表面活性剂蛋白 A（SP-A）和 D（SP-D）是集落刺激因子，在确保肺泡功能正常方面发挥着重要作用，并且在几种以急性呼吸窘迫综合征（ARDS）和肺纤维化为特征的肺部疾病中报道了其血清水平的改变。鉴于这些临床表现也可能发生在严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）感染期间，我们想知道这些集落刺激因子是否可以作为预后标志物。在这方面，通过酶联免疫吸附试验测量了 SARS-CoV-2 感染患者（n=51）入院时（T0）和七天后（T1）的血清 SP-A 和 SP-D 水平，并与健康供体（n=11）进行了比较。与健康对照组相比，COVID-19 患者在感染的早期阶段 SP-D 水平升高，而在 T1 时观察到显著降低。根据疾病严重程度对 SARS-CoV-2 患者进行分层，严重患者的血清 SP-D 水平升高。鉴于这些结果，SP-D 而不是 SP-A，似乎是 COVID-19 肺炎的一个合格标志物，早期检测 SP-D 血清水平对于预防临床管理可能至关重要。
