Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha Street 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland.
Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, University of Lodz, Banacha Street 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 May 30;25(11):5995. doi: 10.3390/ijms25115995.
The incidence of thyroid cancer, one of the most common forms of endocrine cancer, is increasing rapidly worldwide in developed and developing countries. Various risk factors can increase susceptibility to thyroid cancer, but particular emphasis is put on the role of DNA repair genes, which have a significant impact on genome stability. Polymorphisms of these genes can increase the risk of developing thyroid cancer by affecting their function. In this article, we present a concise review on the most common polymorphisms of selected DNA repair genes that may influence the risk of thyroid cancer. We point out significant differences in the frequency of these polymorphisms between various populations and their potential relationship with susceptibility to the disease. A more complete understanding of these differences may lead to the development of effective prevention strategies and targeted therapies for thyroid cancer. Simultaneously, there is a need for further research on the role of polymorphisms of previously uninvestigated DNA repair genes in the context of thyroid cancer, which may contribute to filling the knowledge gaps on this subject.
甲状腺癌是最常见的内分泌癌之一，在发达国家和发展中国家的全球发病率都在迅速上升。各种风险因素可增加甲状腺癌的易感性，但特别强调 DNA 修复基因的作用，这些基因对基因组稳定性有重大影响。这些基因的多态性可通过影响其功能而增加患甲状腺癌的风险。本文就可能影响甲状腺癌风险的部分 DNA 修复基因的常见多态性进行简要综述。我们指出了这些多态性在不同人群中的频率存在显著差异，及其与疾病易感性的潜在关系。更全面地了解这些差异可能有助于制定甲状腺癌的有效预防策略和靶向治疗方法。同时，还需要进一步研究在甲状腺癌背景下以前未研究过的 DNA 修复基因的多态性的作用，这可能有助于填补该主题的知识空白。
