Department of Food and Nutritional Science, Shinhan University, Uijeongbu 11644, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea.
Major in Food and Nutrition, Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Korea National University of Transportation, Jeungpyeong 27909, Chungcheong, Republic of Korea.
Nutrients. 2024 May 30;16(11):1707. doi: 10.3390/nu16111707.
Previous studies have shown contradictory results regarding the association between vegetable and fruit consumption and the risk of sarcopenia. We aimed to evaluate this association using a meta-analysis, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. We searched PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library through July 2023 using related keywords. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated based on the random-effects model. We included 14 observational studies with 11 cross-sectional and three cohort studies involving 6436 sarcopenias among 33,801 participants. Vegetable and fruit consumption were significantly associated with reduced sarcopenia risk (OR, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.48 to 0.79; = 59.8%). The association was significant in cross-sectional studies (OR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.49 to 0.84; = 56.3%; n = 11) but not in cohort studies (OR, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.22 to 1.11; = 76.4%; n = 3). Moreover, the association was significant in age ≥60 (OR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.49 to 0.83; = 58.0%; n = 10). This meta-analysis suggests that eating vegetables and fruit reduces sarcopenia risk. However, as cohort studies provide a higher level of evidence than case-control studies, further prospective cohort studies should be conducted.
先前的研究在蔬菜和水果的摄入与肌肉减少症风险之间的关联上得出了相互矛盾的结果。我们旨在使用荟萃分析来评估这种关联，遵循系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目准则。我们通过相关关键词在 PubMed、EMBASE 和 Cochrane Library 中进行了搜索，截止到 2023 年 7 月。基于随机效应模型计算了汇总的比值比（OR）及其 95%置信区间（CI）。我们纳入了 14 项观察性研究，其中 11 项是横断面研究，3 项是队列研究，涉及 33801 名参与者中的 6436 例肌肉减少症。蔬菜和水果的摄入与肌肉减少症风险降低显著相关（OR，0.61；95%CI，0.48 至 0.79； = 59.8%）。这种关联在横断面研究中是显著的（OR，0.64；95%CI，0.49 至 0.84； = 56.3%；n = 11），但在队列研究中不显著（OR，0.50；95%CI，0.22 至 1.11； = 76.4%；n = 3）。此外，在年龄≥60 岁的人群中，这种关联是显著的（OR，0.64；95%CI，0.49 至 0.83； = 58.0%；n = 10）。这项荟萃分析表明，食用蔬菜和水果可以降低肌肉减少症的风险。然而，由于队列研究比病例对照研究提供了更高水平的证据，因此应该进行更多的前瞻性队列研究。
