International Institute of Biomechanics and Occupational Ergonomics, 83418 Hyères, France.
Université de Toulon/University of Toulon, CS60584, 83041 Toulon, France.
Sensors (Basel). 2024 May 22;24(11):3292. doi: 10.3390/s24113292.
The serve is the most important stroke in tennis. It is a complex gesture consisting of numerous rotations with a wide amplitude, which are important to manage for performance. The aim of this study was to investigate whether correlations exist between joint kinematic parameters and racket velocity. A quantitative kinematics analysis of four ranked players (two boys and two girls) was carried out using an optoelectronic system composed of 10 cameras (150 Hz). Five flat serves per player were analyzed. Eighty-two markers were located across the 15 body segments and on the racket. A descriptive statistical analysis including a correlation analysis was carried out between joint angles and racket kinematic parameters (vertical position, velocity, and acceleration) during the cocking and acceleration phases. Ten very high (0.7 < r < 0.9) and three almost perfect (r > 0.9) correlations were found. Shoulder and hip axial rotations, knee flexion, and trunk extension were correlated linearly with racket vertical position and velocity during the cocking phase. For the acceleration phase, elbow flexion, trunk flexion/extension, and trunk axial rotation were linked to racket kinematics. Some of these parameters showed differences between slow and fast serves. These parameters, which are involved in transmitting ball velocity, are important to consider for tennis players and coaches in training programs, education, and performance enhancement.
发球是网球中最重要的技术动作。它是一个由多个幅度较大的旋转组成的复杂动作，对于表现至关重要。本研究旨在探讨关节运动学参数与球拍速度之间是否存在相关性。使用由 10 个摄像机（150Hz）组成的光电系统对四名排名靠前的球员（两名男孩和两名女孩）进行了定量运动学分析。对每名球员的五次平发球进行了分析。在发球的后摆和加速阶段，在 15 个体段和球拍上设置了 82 个标记点。对关节角度和球拍运动学参数（垂直位置、速度和加速度）之间进行了描述性统计分析和相关性分析。发现了 10 个非常高（0.7<r<0.9）和 3 个几乎完美的相关性（r>0.9）。在发球的后摆阶段，肩部和髋部的轴向旋转、膝关节的弯曲和躯干的伸展与球拍的垂直位置和速度呈线性相关。在加速阶段，肘部弯曲、躯干的弯曲/伸展和躯干的轴向旋转与球拍的运动学相关。这些参数中的一些在慢发球和快发球之间存在差异。对于网球运动员和教练来说，这些在传递球速方面起重要作用的参数，在训练计划、教育和提高表现中都值得考虑。
