Khan Asaf, Liu Guangxiu, Zhang Gaosen, Li Xiangkai
Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Microbial Resources and Engineering, Lanzhou, China.
Front Microbiol. 2024 Jun 4;15:1348758. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1348758. eCollection 2024.
A rich diversity of radiation-resistant (Rr) and desiccation-resistant (Dr) bacteria has been found in arid habitats of the world. Evidence from scientific research has linked their origin to reactive oxygen species (ROS) intermediates. Rr and Dr. bacteria of arid regions have the potential to regulate imbalance radicals and evade a higher dose of radiation and oxidation than bacterial species of non-arid regions. Photochemical-activated ROS in Rr bacteria is run through photo-induction of electron transfer. A hypothetical model of the biogeochemical cycle based on solar radiation and desiccation. These selective stresses generate oxidative radicals for a short span with strong reactivity and toxic effects. Desert-inhibiting Rr bacteria efficiently evade ROS toxicity with an evolved antioxidant system and other defensive pathways. The imbalanced radicals in physiological disorders, cancer, and lung diseases could be neutralized by a self-sustaining evolved Rr bacteria antioxidant system. The direct link of evolved antioxidant system with intermediate ROS and indirect influence of radiation and desiccation provide useful insight into richness, ecological diversity, and origin of Rr bacteria capabilities. The distinguishing features of Rr bacteria in deserts present a fertile research area with promising applications in the pharmaceutical industry, genetic engineering, biological therapy, biological transformation, bioremediation, industrial biotechnology, and astrobiology.
在世界干旱栖息地发现了种类丰富的抗辐射（Rr）和抗干燥（Dr）细菌。科学研究证据将它们的起源与活性氧（ROS）中间体联系起来。干旱地区的Rr和Dr细菌有能力调节自由基失衡，并且比非干旱地区的细菌物种能耐受更高剂量的辐射和氧化。Rr细菌中的光化学激活ROS通过电子转移的光诱导来运行。一个基于太阳辐射和干燥的生物地球化学循环的假设模型。这些选择性压力在短时间内产生具有强反应性和毒性作用的氧化自由基。抑制沙漠的Rr细菌通过进化的抗氧化系统和其他防御途径有效规避ROS毒性。生理紊乱、癌症和肺部疾病中的自由基失衡可以通过自我维持进化的Rr细菌抗氧化系统来中和。进化的抗氧化系统与ROS中间体的直接联系以及辐射和干燥的间接影响为Rr细菌能力的丰富性、生态多样性和起源提供了有用的见解。沙漠中Rr细菌的独特特征呈现出一个富有成果的研究领域，在制药工业、基因工程、生物治疗、生物转化、生物修复、工业生物技术和天体生物学等方面有着广阔的应用前景。
