Basu Bhakti
Molecular Biology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India.
Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, 400094, India.
Curr Res Microb Sci. 2022 Jul 3;3:100153. doi: 10.1016/j.crmicr.2022.100153. eCollection 2022.
Extremophiles are nature's tiny warriors as they call inhospitable environments their home. They possess special factor(s) that offer an edge over other life forms susceptible to harsh conditions. One such family of extremophiles under discussion here is Deinococcaceae. The microbes belonging to Deinococcaceae are primarily radiophiles, the world's most radiation resistant bacteria, in addition to having resistance to high temperature, metals, cold etc. in specific species. Gamma rays have always been known to be lethal to living cells as it damages DNA, the blueprint of life. But, Deinococci sustain extremely high doses of gamma radiation, about 3000 times more than the dose humans succumb to. This review brings forth the utility of these special factors of Deinococcaceae for a broad range of biotechnological applications.
极端微生物是大自然中的小勇士，它们把不适宜居住的环境当作自己的家园。它们拥有特殊因素，这使它们比其他易受恶劣条件影响的生命形式更具优势。这里讨论的一类极端微生物是嗜放射菌科。属于嗜放射菌科的微生物主要是嗜辐射菌，即世界上最耐辐射的细菌，此外，某些特定物种还具有耐高温、耐金属、耐低温等特性。伽马射线一直被认为对活细胞具有致命性，因为它会破坏作为生命蓝图的DNA。但是，嗜放射菌能承受极高剂量的伽马辐射，约为人类致死剂量的3000倍。这篇综述阐述了嗜放射菌科的这些特殊因素在广泛的生物技术应用中的效用。
