Nkemngong Carine, Teska Peter
AvantGuard Inc DBA Halomine Inc., Ithaca, NY, United States.
Diversey-A Solenis Company, Fort Mill, SC, United States.
Front Microbiol. 2024 Jun 4;15:1405428. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1405428. eCollection 2024.
Biofilms are the natural state for bacterial and fungal species. To achieve surface hygiene in commercial facilities, the presence of biofilms must be adequately considered. However, standard disinfectant and sanitizer efficacy tests required by the US-EPA and the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) do not currently consider the role of environmental biofilms. This selective review will discuss what biofilms are and why they are important. We will also cover where they are commonly found in healthcare and food processing facilities and explore how current antimicrobial test methods required for product registration do not test for the presence of biofilms. Additionally, we will explore how a lack of efficacy against biofilms may play a role in the development of antimicrobial resistance in healthcare facilities due to the exchange of mobile genetic elements that occur readily in a biofilm matrix.
生物膜是细菌和真菌物种的自然生存状态。为实现商业设施中的表面卫生，必须充分考虑生物膜的存在。然而，美国环境保护局（US-EPA）和欧洲标准化委员会（CEN）要求的标准消毒剂和 sanitizer 功效测试目前并未考虑环境生物膜的作用。这篇选择性综述将讨论生物膜是什么以及它们为何重要。我们还将涵盖它们在医疗保健和食品加工设施中常见的位置，并探讨产品注册所需的当前抗菌测试方法如何不检测生物膜的存在。此外，我们将探讨由于生物膜基质中容易发生的移动遗传元件交换，对生物膜缺乏功效如何可能在医疗保健设施中抗菌药物耐药性的发展中发挥作用。
