Turati Federica, Esposito Giovanna, Concina Federica, Fiori Federica, Parpinel Maria, Parazzini Fabio, Crispo Anna, Negri Eva, Serraino Diego, La Vecchia Carlo
Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Dipartimento di Eccellenza 2023-2027, Milan, Italy.
Clinical Epidemiology and Public Health Research Unit, Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy.
Am J Epidemiol. 2024 Dec 2;193(12):1693-1700. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwae130.
Prebiotics may influence the risk of hormone-related female cancers by modulating the gut microbiota involved in estrogen metabolism. We evaluated the association of fiber-type prebiotic intake with breast, endometrial, and ovarian cancers. Data derived from a network of Italian hospital-based case-control studies (1991-2006), including 2560 cases of cancer of the breast (n = 2588 control participants), 454 of the endometrium (n = 908 control participants), and 1031 of the ovary (n = 2411 control participants). Inulin-type fructans and selected fructo-oligosaccharides (namely, nystose, kestose, and 1F-β-fructofuranosylnystose) and galacto-oligosaccharides (namely, raffinose and stachyose) were quantified in food products via laboratory analyses. Prebiotic intake was estimated by multiplying intake according to food frequency questionnaire responses by the foods' prebiotic content. Odds ratios (ORs) and the corresponding 95% CIs were derived by multiple logistic regression models. Nystose intake was marginally directly associated with breast (for quartile 4 vs quartile 1: OR = 1.20; 95% CI, 1.00-1.45), ovarian (OR = 1.39; 95% CI, 1.04-1.84), and endometrial (OR = 1.32; 95% CI, 0.85-2.03) cancer risk. High amounts of 1F-β-fructofuranosylnystose intake were inversely associated with ovarian cancer (OR = 0.67; 95% CI, 0.52-0.85). Inulin-type fructans, kestose, raffinose, and stachyose were not associated with the 3 cancers. The intake of most fiber-type prebiotics was not appreciably and consistently associated with breast, endometrial, and ovarian cancer risks. This article is part of a Special Collection on Gynecological Cancer.
益生元可能通过调节参与雌激素代谢的肠道微生物群来影响激素相关女性癌症的风险。我们评估了纤维型益生元摄入量与乳腺癌、子宫内膜癌和卵巢癌之间的关联。数据来源于意大利以医院为基础的病例对照研究网络（1991 - 2006年），包括2560例乳腺癌病例（n = 2588名对照参与者）、454例子宫内膜癌病例（n = 908名对照参与者）和1031例卵巢癌病例（n = 2411名对照参与者）。通过实验室分析对食品中的菊粉型果聚糖和选定的低聚果糖（即蔗果三糖、蔗果四糖和1F-β-呋喃果糖基蔗果三糖）以及低聚半乳糖（即棉子糖和水苏糖）进行定量。根据食物频率问卷的回答，将摄入量乘以食物的益生元含量来估算益生元摄入量。通过多重逻辑回归模型得出比值比（OR）和相应的95%置信区间（CI）。蔗果三糖摄入量与乳腺癌（四分位数4与四分位数1相比：OR = 1.20；95% CI，1.00 - 1.45）、卵巢癌（OR = 1.39；95% CI，1.04 - 1.84）和子宫内膜癌（OR = 1.32；95% CI，0.85 - 2.03）风险呈微弱的直接关联。大量摄入1F-β-呋喃果糖基蔗果三糖与卵巢癌呈负相关（OR = 0.67；95% CI，0.52 - 0.85）。菊粉型果聚糖、蔗果四糖、棉子糖和水苏糖与这三种癌症均无关联。大多数纤维型益生元的摄入量与乳腺癌、子宫内膜癌和卵巢癌风险没有明显且一致的关联。本文是妇科癌症专题文集的一部分。
