Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China.
Department of Family Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China.
Cell Death Dis. 2024 Jun 19;15(6):433. doi: 10.1038/s41419-024-06837-w.
With the high incidence of urogenital tumors worldwide, urinary system tumors are among the top 10 most common tumors in men, with prostate cancer ranking first and bladder cancer fourth. Patients with resistant urogenital tumors often have poor prognosis. In recent years, researchers have discovered numerous specific cancer antigens, which has led to the development of several new anti-cancer drugs. Using protein analysis techniques, researchers developed immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and antibody-conjugated drugs (ADCs) for the treatment of advanced urogenital tumors. However, tumor resistance often leads to the failure of monotherapy. Therefore, clinical trials of the combination of ICIs and ADCs have been carried out in numerous centers around the world. This article reviewed phase 2 and 3 clinical studies of ICIs, ADCs, and their combination in the treatment of urogenital tumors to highlight safe and effective methods for selecting individualized therapeutic strategies for patients. ICIs activate the immune system, whereas ADCs link monoclonal antibodies to toxins, which can achieve a synergistic effect when the two drugs are combined. This synergistic effect provides multiple advantages for the treatment of urogenital tumors.
随着全球泌尿生殖系统肿瘤发病率的升高，泌尿系统肿瘤在男性中位列十大最常见肿瘤的前 10 位，其中前列腺癌位居首位，膀胱癌位居第 4 位。耐药性泌尿生殖系统肿瘤患者的预后通常较差。近年来，研究人员发现了许多特异性癌症抗原，这促使了几种新型抗癌药物的开发。研究人员利用蛋白质分析技术开发了免疫检查点抑制剂（ICIs）和抗体偶联药物（ADCs），用于治疗晚期泌尿生殖系统肿瘤。然而，肿瘤耐药性常常导致单药治疗失败。因此，全球众多中心开展了 ICIs 和 ADCs 联合治疗的临床试验。本文回顾了 ICIs、ADCs 及其联合治疗泌尿生殖系统肿瘤的 2 期和 3 期临床试验，以强调为患者选择个体化治疗策略的安全有效的方法。ICIs 激活免疫系统，而 ADCs 将单克隆抗体与毒素连接起来，当两种药物联合使用时，可以产生协同作用。这种协同作用为泌尿生殖系统肿瘤的治疗提供了多种优势。
