Singhal Gargi, Garg Pankaj, Mohanty Atish, Kollimuttathuillam Sudarsan Vishnu, Wheeler Deric, Adesunloye Bamidele A, Singhal Sharad S
Undergraduate Medical Sciences, S.N. Medical College Agra, Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Department of Chemistry, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Cancer Treat Res. 2025;129:267-291. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-97242-3_12.
Prostate cancer (PCa), a leading cause of cancer mortality in men, has experienced a paradigm shift with the rise of immunotherapy. This chapter examines the immunological landscape of PCa and highlights key immunotherapeutic approaches, including cancer vaccines, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), adoptive cell therapies, and cytokine-based treatments. Emerging innovations, such as oncolytic viruses, neoantigen-based therapies, and bispecific antibodies, are also examined. Challenges like the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), limited predictive biomarkers, and immune-related adverse events (irAEs) are addressed, alongside promising combination strategies with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), radiotherapy, and targeted therapies. Advances in biomarker discovery and artificial intelligence (AI) are emphasized for their role in optimizing personalized immunotherapy. This chapter underscores the need for equitable access to these advancements and concludes with a vision for integrating immunotherapy into standard care, offering durable and transformative outcomes for PCa patients.
前列腺癌（PCa）是男性癌症死亡的主要原因之一，随着免疫疗法的兴起，它经历了范式转变。本章探讨了PCa的免疫格局，并重点介绍了关键的免疫治疗方法，包括癌症疫苗、免疫检查点抑制剂（ICI）、过继性细胞疗法和基于细胞因子的治疗。还研究了溶瘤病毒、基于新抗原的疗法和双特异性抗体等新兴创新。解决了诸如免疫抑制性肿瘤微环境（TME）、有限的预测生物标志物和免疫相关不良事件（irAE）等挑战，以及与雄激素剥夺疗法（ADT）、放射疗法和靶向疗法的有前景的联合策略。强调了生物标志物发现和人工智能（AI）的进展在优化个性化免疫治疗中的作用。本章强调了公平获得这些进展的必要性，并以将免疫治疗纳入标准治疗的愿景作为结尾，为PCa患者提供持久和变革性的结果。
