Zhou Biao, Zhang Zijie, Zhang Hongjing, Li Yupeng, Ma Yanguang, Zhang Shubin, Niu Shihui, Li Yue
National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology Beijing Forestry University Beijing China.
Hebei Academy of Forestry and Grassland Science Shijiazhuang China.
Ecol Evol. 2024 Jun 19;14(6):e11570. doi: 10.1002/ece3.11570. eCollection 2024 Jun.
The geographical variation and domestication of tree species are an important part of the theory of forest introduction, and the tracing of the germplasm is the theoretical basis for the establishment of high-quality plantations. Chinese pine ( Carr) is an important native timber tree species widely distributed in northern China, but it is unclear exactly where germplasm of the main Chinese pine plantation populations originated. Here, using two mtDNA markers, we analyzed 796 individuals representing 35 populations (matR marker), and 873 individuals representing 38 populations (nad5-1 marker) of the major natural and artificial populations in northern China, respectively (Shanxi, Hebei and Liaoning provinces). The results confirmed that the core position of natural SX* populations ("" means natural population) in the Chinese pine populations of northern China, the genetic diversity of HB and LN plantations was higher than that of natural SX populations, and there was a large difference in genetic background within the groups of SX* and LN, HB showed the opposite. More importantly, we completed the "point by point" tracing of the HB and LN plantings. The results indicated that almost all HB populations originated from SX* (GDS*, ZTS*, GCS*, and THS*), which resulted in homogeneity of the genetic background of HB populations. Most of germplasm of the LN plantations originated from LN* (ZJS* and WF*), and the other part originated from GDS* (SX*), resulting in the large differences in the genetic background within the LN group. Our results provided a reliable theoretical basis for the scientific allocation, management, and utilization of Chinese pine populations in northern China, and for promoting the high-quality establishment of Chinese pine plantations.
树种的地理变异和驯化是林木引种理论的重要组成部分，种质溯源是建立优质人工林的理论基础。油松（Carr）是中国北方广泛分布的重要乡土用材树种，但主要油松人工林群体的种质具体起源地尚不清楚。在此，我们利用两个线粒体DNA标记，分别分析了代表中国北方主要天然和人工群体（山西、河北和辽宁省）的35个群体的796个个体（matR标记）以及38个群体的873个个体（nad5 - 1标记）。结果证实了天然SX群体（“”表示天然群体）在中国北方油松群体中的核心地位，河北和辽宁人工林的遗传多样性高于天然SX群体，SX与辽宁群体内遗传背景差异较大，河北则相反。更重要的是，我们完成了河北和辽宁种植群体的“逐点”溯源。结果表明，几乎所有河北群体都起源于SX*（GDS*、ZTS*、GCS和THS），这导致河北群体遗传背景的同质化。辽宁人工林的大部分种质起源于辽宁*（ZJS和WF），另一部分起源于GDS*（SX*），这导致辽宁群体内遗传背景差异较大。我们的结果为中国北方油松群体的科学配置、管理和利用以及推动油松人工林的高质量营建提供了可靠的理论依据。
