Xu Xin, Wang Yixian, Liu Desheng, Yang Xingxing, Lu Yaozhong, Jiang Pan, Wang Xiaolong
State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, China.
Adv Mater. 2024 Aug;36(33):e2404469. doi: 10.1002/adma.202404469. Epub 2024 Jun 27.
Shaping ceramic materials into sophisticated architecture with 3D hierarchical structure is desirable in multiapplication yet remains challenge due to their brittle and stiff nature. Herein, a new method to achieve ceramic architectures with unsupported and large-spanning structure by shaping vat photopolymerization 3D printed hydrogel preceramic skeleton with unique flexible and deformable character is proposed. Specifically, the present photopolymerizable hydrogel preceramic achieves one stone, two birds: the photosensitive polymer matrix coupled with ceramic nanoparticles for the first shaping by vat photopolymerization 3D printing and the secondary plasticity of the 3D printed ceramic body through flexible shape deformation of hydrogel networks. Inorganic binder aluminum dihydrogen phosphate serves as hydrogel dispersion medium to achieve ultralow shrinkage photopolymerization ceramic. Compared with conventional polymer-derived photocuring ceramics, the linear shrinkage of lamina structure is solely 2%, and which of cubic ceramic structure is just 13.3%. More importantly, one 3D printed preceramic is conducted to reshape repeatedly myriad constructions, realizing reusability of intrinsic brittle ceramic, improving manufacturing fault tolerance rate. Finally, a variety of paradigms for ceramic structure applications are proposed toward stereo circuit, biomedicine, and catalytic applications, breaking the limitation of intrinsic brittleness of ceramic in high-precision manufacturing of complex ceramic devices.
将陶瓷材料塑造成具有三维层次结构的复杂架构在多种应用中是很理想的，但由于其脆性和刚性本质，这仍然具有挑战性。在此，提出了一种新方法，通过对具有独特柔性和可变形特性的光固化3D打印水凝胶预陶瓷骨架进行成型，来实现具有无支撑和大跨度结构的陶瓷架构。具体而言，目前这种可光聚合的水凝胶预陶瓷一举两得：光敏聚合物基体与陶瓷纳米颗粒相结合，通过光固化3D打印进行首次成型，以及通过水凝胶网络的柔性形状变形实现3D打印陶瓷体的二次可塑性。无机粘结剂磷酸二氢铝用作水凝胶分散介质，以实现超低收缩光聚合陶瓷。与传统的聚合物衍生光固化陶瓷相比，层状结构的线性收缩仅为2%，立方陶瓷结构的线性收缩仅为13.3%。更重要的是，对一个3D打印的预陶瓷进行多次重塑以形成无数种结构，实现了本质脆性陶瓷的可重复使用性，提高了制造容错率。最后，针对立体电路、生物医学和催化应用提出了多种陶瓷结构应用范例，打破了陶瓷在复杂陶瓷器件高精度制造中固有的脆性限制。
