Teaching and Research Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.
Division of Laboratory Diagnostics, Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.
PLoS One. 2024 Jun 24;19(6):e0305861. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0305861. eCollection 2024.
Male infertility is a pressing global issue, prompting the need for biomarkers correlating with seminal parameters for diagnosis. Our study investigated 10 biochemical and energetic parameters in the seminal plasma and blood sera of fertile (25 subjects) and infertile (88 subjects) Polish men, correlations between their levels in seminal plasma and semen quality, and correlations between blood sera and seminal plasma levels of examined parameters. Infertile men displayed elevated seminal plasma glucose and fructose but reduced HDL levels compared to fertile men. We observed also weak negative correlations between seminal plasma triglycerides and sperm concentration in both groups. Moreover, infertile men exhibited positive correlations between seminal plasma HDL/LDL concentrations and sperm concentration. Fertile men showed moderate negative correlations between glucose/triglycerides concentrations and sperm count and between seminal plasma triglycerides levels and sperm vitality. Semen volume correlated with triglycerides (negative) and fructose (positive) concentrations in infertile men. Sperm motility correlated negatively with total cholesterol, LDL, and triglycerides concentrations in fertile men, and weakly with AMP-activated protein kinase in infertile men. Weak negative correlations between seminal plasma fructose/AMP-activated protein kinase concentrations and sperm progressive motility were observed in infertile men, whereas in fertile men seminal plasma AMP-activated protein kinase levels were positively correlated with progressive motility. Correlation analysis between blood serum and seminal plasma parameters revealed intriguing connections, notably regarding LDL, AMP-activated protein kinase, and carnitine, suggesting systemic influences on seminal plasma composition. These findings emphasize the complex interplay between metabolic factors and sperm parameters, offering promising directions for future research in male infertility diagnostics and therapeutics.
男性不育是一个紧迫的全球问题，因此需要寻找与精液参数相关的生物标志物来进行诊断。我们研究了 10 种生化和能量参数在波兰有生育能力（25 名受试者）和不育（88 名受试者）男性的精液和血清中的水平，以及这些参数在精液和血清中的水平与精液质量之间的相关性。与有生育能力的男性相比，不育男性的精液葡萄糖和果糖水平升高，但高密度脂蛋白水平降低。我们还观察到两组中精液甘油三酯与精子浓度之间存在微弱的负相关。此外，不育男性的精液高密度脂蛋白/低密度脂蛋白浓度与精子浓度之间呈正相关。有生育能力的男性的葡萄糖/甘油三酯浓度与精子计数之间以及精液甘油三酯水平与精子活力之间呈中度负相关。精液量与不育男性的甘油三酯（负相关）和果糖（正相关）浓度相关。在有生育能力的男性中，精子活力与总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白和甘油三酯浓度呈负相关，与 AMP 激活蛋白激酶呈弱相关；在不育男性中，精子活力与 AMP 激活蛋白激酶呈弱负相关。不育男性的精液果糖/AMP 激活蛋白激酶浓度与精子前向运动之间存在弱负相关，而有生育能力的男性的精液 AMP 激活蛋白激酶水平与前向运动呈正相关。血清和精液参数之间的相关分析揭示了有趣的联系，特别是关于 LDL、AMP 激活蛋白激酶和肉碱，这表明它们对精液成分的系统影响。这些发现强调了代谢因素和精子参数之间的复杂相互作用，为男性不育症诊断和治疗的未来研究提供了有前途的方向。
