Department of Cardiology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China.
Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2024 Jun 10;15:1401317. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1401317. eCollection 2024.
This study examines the association between Hemoglobin Glycation Index (HGI) and the risk of mortality among individuals with hypertension and to explore gender-specific effects.
Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 1999 to 2018 were analyzed. Three models were constructed to assess the relationship between HGI and mortality risks, controlling for various covariates. Nonlinear relationships were explored using restricted cubic splines (RCS) and threshold effect analysis.
The findings reveal a U-shaped relationship between HGI and the cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality after adjusting for multiple covariates. Gender- specific analysis indicated a U-shaped relationship in men, with threshold points of -0.271, and 0.115, respectively. Before the threshold point, HGI was negatively associated with CVD mortality (HR: 0.64, 95%CI: 0.44, 0.93, P=0.02) and all-cause mortality (HR: 0.84, 95%CI: 0.71, 0.99), and after the threshold point, HGI was positively associated with CVD mortality (HR: 1.48, 95%CI: 1.23, 1.79, P<0.01) and all-cause mortality (HR: 1.41, 95%CI: 1.24, 1.60). In contrast, HGI had a J-shaped relationship with CVD mortality and a L-shaped relationship with all-cause mortality in females. Before the threshold points, the risk of all-cause mortality decreased (HR: 0.66, 95%CI:0.56, 0.77, P=0.04) and after the threshold points, the risk of CVD mortality increased (HR: 1.39, 95%CI:1.12, 1.72, P<0.01) progressively with increasing HGI.
The research highlights the significance of maintaining proper HGI levels in individuals with hypertension and validates HGI as a notable indicator of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality risks. It also highlights the significant role of gender in the relationship between HGI and these risks.
本研究旨在探讨糖化血红蛋白指数（HGI）与高血压患者死亡风险之间的关系，并探索其性别特异性影响。
本研究使用了 1999 年至 2018 年美国国家健康和营养调查（NHANES）的数据。构建了三个模型来评估 HGI 与死亡率风险之间的关系，同时控制了各种协变量。使用受限立方样条（RCS）和阈值效应分析来探索非线性关系。
研究发现，在调整了多种协变量后，HGI 与心血管疾病（CVD）和全因死亡率之间呈 U 型关系。性别特异性分析表明，男性呈 U 型关系，阈值点分别为-0.271 和 0.115。在阈值点之前，HGI 与 CVD 死亡率（HR：0.64，95%CI：0.44，0.93，P=0.02）和全因死亡率（HR：0.84，95%CI：0.71，0.99）呈负相关，在阈值点之后，HGI 与 CVD 死亡率（HR：1.48，95%CI：1.23，1.79，P<0.01）和全因死亡率（HR：1.41，95%CI：1.24，1.60）呈正相关。相比之下，HGI 与女性的 CVD 死亡率呈 J 型关系，与全因死亡率呈 L 型关系。在阈值点之前，全因死亡率的风险降低（HR：0.66，95%CI：0.56，0.77，P=0.04），在阈值点之后，CVD 死亡率的风险增加（HR：1.39，95%CI：1.12，1.72，P<0.01），随着 HGI 的增加而逐渐增加。
该研究强调了维持高血压患者适当 HGI 水平的重要性，并验证了 HGI 作为心血管和全因死亡率风险的显著指标。它还强调了性别在 HGI 与这些风险之间关系中的重要作用。
