Mbata George N, Li Yinping, Warsi Sanower, Simmons Alvin M
Entomology Research Laboratory, Agricultural Research Station, Fort Valley State University, 1005 State University Drive, Fort Valley, GA 31030, USA.
United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA ARS), U.S. Vegetable Laboratory, 2700 Savannah Highway, Charleston, SC 29414, USA.
Insects. 2024 Jun 6;15(6):429. doi: 10.3390/insects15060429.
The sweetpotato whitefly, (Gennadius) Middle East-Asia Minor 1 (MEAM1), causes significant losses to vegetable crops directly by sap-feeding, inducing plant physiological disorders, and elevating the build-up of sooty mold, and indirectly by transmitting plant viruses. In this study, we evaluated the susceptibility of 20 yellow squash and zucchini () cultivars to MEAM1, across three growing seasons in the southeastern United States. Weekly sampling of the numbers of MEAM1 adults, nymphs, and eggs were conducted from the fourth week after seed sowing and across 6 weeks during the summer and fall of 2021 and five weeks during the fall of 2022. In general, adult whitefly populations were high during the first week of sampling but decreased as the seasons progressed. The zucchini cultivar 'Black Beauty' harbored the most adults, while 'Green Eclipse Zucchini' was the least attractive zucchini cultivar to the adults in fall 2022. For yellow squash, 'Early Summer' (summer 2021) and 'Amberpic 8455' (summer 2021 and fall 2022) were the cultivars with the highest adult populations, while 'Lioness' (summer 2021) and 'Gourmet Gold Hybrid' (fall 2022) harbored the lowest adult counts. The whitefly egg counts across both vegetables trailed those of adults and peaked in the second week of sampling. The counts of nymphs increased as the seasons progressed, but there was a decline after the second week during fall 2021. For the yellow squash cultivars, 'Gourmet Gold Hybrid', (summer 2021 and fall 2022), 'Lioness', and 'Fortune' (summer 2021) recorded the highest yields. For zucchini, 'Golden Glory' (summer 2021) was the top performer. These results provide valuable information for whitefly management in yellow squash and zucchini based on host plant susceptibility and yield.
烟粉虱（Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) 中东 - 小亚细亚1型（MEAM1））通过吸食汁液、引发植物生理紊乱以及加剧煤污病的滋生直接给蔬菜作物造成重大损失，还通过传播植物病毒间接造成损失。在本研究中，我们在美国东南部的三个生长季节里评估了20个西葫芦和夏南瓜（Cucurbita pepo）品种对MEAM1的易感性。从播种后第四周开始，在2021年夏秋两季的6周以及2022年秋季的5周内，每周对MEAM1成虫、若虫和卵的数量进行采样。总体而言，成虫粉虱种群数量在采样的第一周较高，但随着季节推进而减少。西葫芦品种“黑美人”栖息的成虫最多，而“绿色日蚀西葫芦”在2022年秋季对成虫的吸引力最小。对于夏南瓜，“初夏”（2021年夏季）和“琥珀8455”（2021年夏季和2022年秋季）是成虫数量最多的品种，而“母狮”（2021年夏季）和“美食金杂交种”（2022年秋季）的成虫数量最少。两种蔬菜上粉虱卵的数量均低于成虫，且在采样第二周达到峰值。若虫数量随着季节推进而增加，但在2021年秋季第二周后有所下降。对于夏南瓜品种，“美食金杂交种”（2021年夏季和2022年秋季）、“母狮”和“财富”（2021年夏季）产量最高。对于西葫芦，“金色荣耀”（2021年夏季）表现最佳。这些结果基于寄主植物的易感性和产量，为西葫芦和夏南瓜的粉虱管理提供了有价值的信息。
