Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, 1109 Experiment Street, Griffin, GA 30223, USA.
Department of Plant Pathology, University of Georgia, 1109 Experiment Street, Griffin, GA 30223, USA.
Viruses. 2022 May 20;14(5):1104. doi: 10.3390/v14051104.
Middle East-Asia Minor 1 (MEAM1) and Mediterranean (MED) are two of the most invasive members of the sweetpotato whitefly, cryptic species complexes and are efficient vectors of begomoviruses. MEAM1 is the predominant vector of begomoviruses in open-field vegetable crops in the southeastern United States. However, recently MED also has been detected in the landscape outside of greenhouses in Florida and Georgia. This study compared the transmission efficiency of one Old-World (OW) and two New-World (NW) begomoviruses prevalent in the southeastern United States, viz., tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV), cucurbit leaf crumple virus (CuLCrV), and sida golden mosaic virus (SiGMV) between MEAM1 and MED. MEAM1 efficiently transmitted TYLCV, CuLCrV, or SiGMV, whereas MED only transmitted TYLCV. Percent acquisition and retention of OW TYLCV following a 72 h acquisition access period was significantly higher for MED than MEAM1. In contrast, MEAM1 acquired and retained significantly more NW bipartite begomoviruses, CuLCrV or SiGMV, than MED. Quantitative analysis (qPCR) of virus DNA in whitefly internal tissues revealed reduced accumulation of CuLCrV or SiGMV in MED than in MEAM1. Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) showed localization of CuLCrV or SiGMV in the midgut of MED and MEAM1. However, localization of CuLCrV or SiGMV was only observed in the primary salivary glands of MEAM1 and not MED. TYLCV localization was observed in all internal tissues of MEAM1 and MED. Overall, results demonstrate that both MEAM1 and MED are efficient vectors of OW TYLCV. However, for the NW begomoviruses, CuLCrV and SiGMV, MEAM1 seems to a better vector.
中东-亚洲小一型 1（MEAM1）和地中海（MED）是甘薯粉虱隐种复合体中最具侵袭性的两个成员，也是双生病毒的有效载体。MEAM1 是美国东南部露地蔬菜作物上双生病毒的主要载体。然而，最近在佛罗里达州和佐治亚州温室外的景观中也检测到了 MED。本研究比较了美国东南部两种旧世界（OW）和两种新世界（NW）双生病毒，即番茄黄曲叶病毒（TYLCV）、葫芦科叶片卷曲病毒（CuLCrV）和 Sida 金黄镶嵌病毒（SiGMV）在 MEAM1 和 MED 之间的传播效率。MEAM1 能够有效地传播 TYLCV、CuLCrV 或 SiGMV，而 MED 只能传播 TYLCV。MED 对 OW TYLCV 的获得和保持率明显高于 MEAM1。相比之下，MEAM1 对 NW 二分体双生病毒 CuLCrV 或 SiGMV 的获得和保持能力明显强于 MED。对黄粉虱内部组织中病毒 DNA 的定量分析（qPCR）显示，CuLCrV 或 SiGMV 在 MED 中的积累量低于 MEAM1。荧光原位杂交（FISH）显示，CuLCrV 或 SiGMV 定位于 MED 和 MEAM1 的中肠。然而，只在 MEAM1 的初级唾液腺中观察到 CuLCrV 或 SiGMV 的定位，而在 MED 中没有观察到。TYLCV 定位于 MEAM1 和 MED 的所有内部组织中。总的来说，结果表明 MEAM1 和 MED 都是 OW TYLCV 的有效载体。然而，对于 NW 双生病毒 CuLCrV 和 SiGMV，MEAM1 似乎是更好的载体。
