LG Household & Health Care (LG H&H) R&D Center, 70, Magokjoongang 10-ro, Gangseo-gu, Seoul 07795, Republic of Korea.
Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Jun 13;25(12):6534. doi: 10.3390/ijms25126534.
Aging (senescence) is an unavoidable biological process that results in visible manifestations in all cutaneous tissues, including scalp skin and hair follicles. Previously, we evaluated the molecular function of adenosine in promoting alopecia treatment in vitro. To elucidate the differences in the molecular mechanisms between minoxidil (MNX) and adenosine, gene expression changes in dermal papilla cells were examined. The androgen receptor (AR) pathway was identified as a candidate target of adenosine for hair growth, and the anti-androgenic activity of adenosine was examined in vitro. In addition, ex vivo examination of human hair follicle organ cultures revealed that adenosine potently elongated the anagen stage. According to the severity of alopecia, the ratio of the two peaks (terminal hair area/vellus hair area) decreased continuously. We further investigated the adenosine hair growth promoting effect in vivo to examine the hair thickness growth effects of topical 5% MNX and the adenosine complex (0.75% adenosine, 1% penthenol, and 2% niacinamide; APN) in vivo. After 4 months of administration, both the MNX and APN group showed significant increases in hair density (MNX + 5.01% ( < 0.01), APN + 6.20% ( < 0.001)) and thickness (MNX + 5.14% ( < 0.001), APN + 10.32% ( < 0.001)). The inhibition of AR signaling via adenosine could have contributed to hair thickness growth. We suggest that the anti-androgenic effect of adenosine, along with the evaluation of hair thickness distribution, could help us to understand hair physiology and to investigate new approaches for drug development.
衰老是一种不可避免的生物学过程，它会导致所有皮肤组织，包括头皮皮肤和毛囊，出现明显的表现。以前，我们评估了腺苷在体外促进脱发治疗中的分子功能。为了阐明米诺地尔（MNX）和腺苷之间分子机制的差异，我们检查了真皮乳头细胞中的基因表达变化。雄激素受体（AR）途径被确定为腺苷促进头发生长的候选靶标，并在体外检查了腺苷的抗雄激素活性。此外，对人毛囊器官培养物的离体检查表明，腺苷能有力地延长毛发生长期。根据脱发的严重程度，两个峰（终毛面积/毳毛面积）的比值连续下降。我们进一步研究了腺苷促进头发生长的体内作用，以检查局部应用 5%MNX 和腺苷复合物（0.75%腺苷、1%戊二醇和 2%烟酰胺；APN）的体内对头发生长的影响。给药 4 个月后，MNX 和 APN 组的毛发密度（MNX+5.01%（<0.01），APN+6.20%（<0.001））和厚度（MNX+5.14%（<0.001），APN+10.32%（<0.001））均显著增加。通过腺苷抑制 AR 信号可能有助于毛发生长。我们认为，腺苷的抗雄激素作用，以及对头发厚度分布的评估，可以帮助我们了解头发的生理学，并研究药物开发的新方法。
