Torres-González Cynthia, Ricardo-Garcell Josefina, Alvarez-Núñez Daniel, Galindo-Aldana Gilberto
Faculty of Administrative, Social, and Engineering Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, State Hwy No. 3, Guadalupe Victoria, Mexicali 21720, Baja California, Mexico.
Neurodevelopmental Research Unit "Augusto Fernandez Guardiola", Institute of Neurobiology, Autonomous University of Mexico, Boulevard Juriquilla 3001, La Mesa, Juriquilla 76230, Querétaro, Mexico.
Children (Basel). 2024 May 28;11(6):652. doi: 10.3390/children11060652.
Preterm birth accounts for about 10% of births worldwide. Studying risk factors for perinatal brain damage is essential, as findings suggest that almost 20% of disabilities are linked to risks in the early stages of development. This research aimed to study longitudinal changes in intelligence from 6 to 8 years of age in a sample of 39 preterm children with a history of risk of brain damage and a control group of 35 children born at term. The Wechsler Intelligence Scale (WISC-IV) was used to measure cognitive ability at six, seven, and eight years old. The results showed that the preterm group obtained significantly lower scores than the control group. The working memory indicator significantly affected the interaction between age and prematurity. We consider it crucial to expand the knowledge we have about the neurocognitive development of premature infants, both in specific cognitive domains and in age ranges, so that the information obtained can help predict the probability of presenting cognitive alterations from early stages. This, therefore, helps in implementing intervention strategies and programs based on scientific evidence, and their design is complemented by clinical experience and empirical and theoretical knowledge of the different professionals involved in infant cognitive intervention.
早产占全球出生人口的约10%。研究围产期脑损伤的风险因素至关重要，因为研究结果表明，近20%的残疾与发育早期的风险有关。本研究旨在对39名有脑损伤风险史的早产儿童样本以及35名足月出生儿童的对照组，研究其6至8岁时智力的纵向变化。使用韦氏智力量表（WISC-IV）测量6岁、7岁和8岁时的认知能力。结果显示，早产组的得分显著低于对照组。工作记忆指标对年龄和早产之间的相互作用有显著影响。我们认为，扩展我们对早产儿神经认知发育的认识至关重要，无论是在特定认知领域还是在年龄范围方面，以便所获得的信息能够帮助预测早期出现认知改变的可能性。因此，这有助于实施基于科学证据的干预策略和项目，其设计辅以临床经验以及参与婴儿认知干预的不同专业人员的经验和理论知识。
