Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera, Department of Virology, 105064 Moscow, Russia.
OOO Firn M, Biotech Company, 108804 Moscow, Russia.
Viruses. 2024 Jun 19;16(6):989. doi: 10.3390/v16060989.
Herpes simplex viruses type 1 (HSV-1) and type 2 (HSV-2) are widespread human pathogens that establish chronic latent infections leading to recurrent episodes. Current treatments are limited, necessitating the development of novel antiviral strategies. This study aimed to assess the antiviral efficacy of novel topical formulations containing interferon alpha-2b (IFN α-2b) against HSV-1 and HSV-2. The formulations, Oftalmoferon forte (eye drops) and Interferon Vaginal Tablets, demonstrated potent antiviral effects against HSV-1 and HSV-2 in Vero cells, respectively, with concentration-dependent inhibition of viral replication. Subsequently, their efficacy was tested in animal models: HSV-1 keratitis in the rabbit eye model and HSV-2 genital herpes in mice. Oftalmoferon forte effectively treated HSV-1 keratitis, reducing clinical symptoms and ulcerations compared to virus control. Interferon Vaginal Tablets showed promising results in controlling HSV-2 genital herpes in mice, improving survival rates, reducing clinical signs, weight loss and viral replication. The novel IFN α-2b formulations exhibited significant antiviral activity against HSV infections in cell culture and animal models. These findings suggest the potential of these formulations as alternative treatments for HSV infections, particularly in cases resistant to current therapies. Further studies are warranted to optimize treatment regimens and assess clinical efficacy in humans.
单纯疱疹病毒 1 型（HSV-1）和 2 型（HSV-2）是广泛存在的人类病原体，它们会导致慢性潜伏感染，并引发复发性发作。目前的治疗方法有限，因此需要开发新的抗病毒策略。本研究旨在评估含有干扰素 alpha-2b（IFN α-2b）的新型局部制剂对 HSV-1 和 HSV-2 的抗病毒疗效。Oftalmoferon forte（滴眼液）和 Interferon Vaginal Tablets 这两种制剂分别对 Vero 细胞中的 HSV-1 和 HSV-2 具有强大的抗病毒作用，表现出浓度依赖性的病毒复制抑制作用。随后，在动物模型中测试了它们的疗效：兔眼模型中的 HSV-1 角膜炎和小鼠中的 HSV-2 生殖器疱疹。Oftalmoferon forte 有效地治疗了 HSV-1 角膜炎，与病毒对照组相比，减轻了临床症状和溃疡。Interferon Vaginal Tablets 在控制小鼠 HSV-2 生殖器疱疹方面显示出良好的效果，提高了存活率，减轻了临床症状、体重减轻和病毒复制。新型 IFN α-2b 制剂在细胞培养和动物模型中对 HSV 感染显示出显著的抗病毒活性。这些发现表明这些制剂具有作为 HSV 感染替代治疗方法的潜力，特别是在对现有疗法耐药的情况下。需要进一步研究来优化治疗方案并评估其在人类中的临床疗效。
