Tan Xian-Chun, Wang Yi, Gu Bai-He, Kong Ling-Si, Zeng An
Institutes of Science and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.
School of Public Policy and Management, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.
Fundam Res. 2022 Mar 27;2(3):384-391. doi: 10.1016/j.fmre.2022.03.010. eCollection 2022 May.
Global climate governance has entered the era of carbon neutrality, as a growing number of countries have set the goal of carbon neutrality for long-term emissions reduction toward the mid-21st century. In 2020, China also pledged itself to the goal of carbon neutrality, which creates an urgent demand for this country to establish a systematic and integrated national climate governance system. Against this background, this paper conducts a systematic literature review of climate governance systems from the perspectives of top-level design and the governance paradigm to bring insights into climate governance toward carbon neutrality. The results show that although there are interactions between decarbonization and other environmental, social and economic fields, research gaps still exist when enhancing climate governance toward carbon neutrality. For example, issues regarding incorporating climate factors into the overall economic and social layout, strengthening the capacity of data collection relevant to climate adaptation, integrating climate mitigation and adaption actions, as well as connecting domestic climate governance and international cooperation, need to be further addressed. In addition, within the national governance system, studies combining both regional and sectoral concerns and the intertemporal dynamic allocation mechanism need to be further addressed when China decomposes its national climate target. Moreover, the division of power between the central government and local government, as well as the communication scheme between government and non-state actors, also turns out to be important for effective governance. Based on this analysis, policy implications are further proposed for China's formulation and implementation of long-term strategies of climate governance toward carbon neutrality.
全球气候治理已进入碳中和时代，越来越多的国家设定了碳中和目标，以在21世纪中叶实现长期减排。2020年，中国也承诺实现碳中和目标，这使得中国迫切需要建立一个系统且综合的国家气候治理体系。在此背景下，本文从顶层设计和治理范式的角度对气候治理体系进行了系统的文献综述，以深入了解碳中和背景下的气候治理。结果表明，尽管脱碳与其他环境、社会和经济领域之间存在相互作用，但在加强碳中和气候治理方面仍存在研究空白。例如，将气候因素纳入总体经济和社会布局、加强气候适应相关数据收集能力、整合气候减缓与适应行动以及连接国内气候治理与国际合作等问题，都需要进一步解决。此外，在国家治理体系内，中国在分解国家气候目标时，需要进一步研究如何兼顾区域和部门关切以及跨期动态分配机制。而且，中央政府与地方政府之间的权力划分以及政府与非国家行为体之间的沟通机制，对于有效治理也至关重要。基于此分析，本文进一步针对中国制定和实施碳中和气候治理长期战略提出了政策建议。
