Agapie Elena, Areán Patricia A, Hsieh Gary, Munson Sean A
University of California, Irvine, USA.
University of Washington, USA.
Proc ACM Hum Comput Interact. 2022 Nov;6(CSCW2). doi: 10.1145/3555160. Epub 2022 Nov 11.
Goal setting is critical to achieving desired changes in life. Many technologies support defining and tracking progress toward goals, but these are just some parts of the process of setting and achieving goals. People want to set goals that are more complex than the ones supported through technology. Additionally, people use goal-setting technologies longitudinally, yet the understanding of how people's goals evolve is still limited. We study the collaborative practices of mental health therapists and clients for longitudinally setting and working toward goals through semi-structured interviews with 11 clients and 7 therapists who practiced goal setting in their therapy sessions. Based on the results, we create the Longitudinal Goal Setting Model in mental health, a three-stage model. The model describes how clients and therapists select among multiple complex problems, simplify complex problems to specific goals, and adjust goals to help people address complex issues. Our findings show collaboration between clients and therapists can support transformative reflection practices that are difficult to achieve without the therapist, such as seeing problems through new perspectives, questioning and changing practices, or addressing avoided issues.
设定目标对于实现生活中期望的改变至关重要。许多技术支持定义和跟踪朝着目标前进的进度，但这些只是设定和实现目标过程的一部分。人们想要设定比技术所支持的目标更复杂的目标。此外，人们长期使用目标设定技术，然而对人们目标如何演变的理解仍然有限。我们通过对11位客户和7位在治疗过程中进行目标设定的治疗师进行半结构化访谈，研究心理健康治疗师和客户纵向设定目标并朝着目标努力的协作实践。基于研究结果，我们创建了心理健康纵向目标设定模型，这是一个三阶段模型。该模型描述了客户和治疗师如何在多个复杂问题中进行选择，将复杂问题简化为具体目标，以及调整目标以帮助人们解决复杂问题。我们的研究结果表明，客户和治疗师之间的协作可以支持一些难以在没有治疗师的情况下实现的变革性反思实践，例如从新角度看待问题、质疑和改变实践，或解决被回避的问题。
