Trovato Maria Gabriella, Al-Akl Nayla, Ali Dana
Department of Landscape Architecture, Faculty of Landscape and Society, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway.
Landscape Design and Ecosystem Management, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Beirut Governorate, Lebanon.
Open Res Eur. 2024 Jun 13;3:137. doi: 10.12688/openreseurope.16261.2. eCollection 2023.
Wars, crises, and climate change are just a few of the worldwide concerns that have resulted in the forced relocation of millions of people. After 12 years of conflict in Syria, millions of Syrians are still displaced in the neighbouring countries, and their conditions have worsened due to the economic and socio-political crisis of the region. This paper reports on a study conducted in Lebanon as part of the EU Horizon-funded project ADMIGOV - Advancing Alternative Migration Governance. It describes the methodological framework used to study Syrian migration in Lebanon and sheds light on the phenomenon's patterns, challenges, and impacts.
In our study, we opted for a mixed method. It is built on a large corpus of primary data collected over the course of years of intensive, in-depth fieldwork and the author's immersion in the community. Alongside observations, quantitative and qualitative phone interviews were conducted to obtain the perceptions of displaced Syrians living in informal tented settlements in rural Lebanon and an incomplete building in the city of Saida. This interview data is accompanied by primary and secondary data sources, including the findings of other European research projects, statistics from UNHCR and IOM, and academic and press articles.
Our research revealed the difficulties Syrians displaced in Lebanon encounter while navigating the challenging situation they are trapped in. Based on a case study approach, it unveils similarities and differences determined by the government's no encampment policy that led to self-settled practices across the country. This approach helped in understanding the challenging dynamic created by weak public institutions and their failure to guarantee the observance of basic human rights, compromising displaced Syrians safety. The weakness of public institutions and their failure to guarantee the observance of basic human rights has compromised displaced safety. Moreover, even though the development interventions and aid assistance have been necessary for Syrians' survival, they proved insufficient, and unequally distributed by location evidencing the inefficiencies of the majority of development aid projects.
The findings contribute to an enriched understanding of the situation of Syrians in Lebanon and offer insights for policymakers, practitioners, and researchers working in the field of forced migration and humanitarian responses.
战争、危机和气候变化只是导致数百万人被迫流离失所的部分全球性问题。叙利亚历经12年冲突后，仍有数百万叙利亚人在邻国流离失所，且由于该地区的经济及社会政治危机，他们的处境愈发艰难。本文报道了一项在黎巴嫩开展的研究，该研究是欧盟地平线资助项目“ADMIGOV - 推进替代性移民治理”的一部分。它描述了用于研究黎巴嫩境内叙利亚移民的方法框架，并揭示了这一现象的模式、挑战及影响。
在我们的研究中，我们选择了混合方法。它基于多年密集、深入的实地调查以及作者对社区的深入了解所收集的大量原始数据。除观察外，还进行了定量和定性电话访谈，以获取居住在黎巴嫩农村非正式帐篷定居点以及赛达市一座未完工建筑中的流离失所叙利亚人的看法。这些访谈数据还辅以主要和次要数据源，包括其他欧洲研究项目的结果、联合国难民署和国际移民组织的统计数据以及学术和新闻文章。
我们的研究揭示了在黎巴嫩流离失所的叙利亚人在应对他们所处的困境时所面临的困难。基于案例研究方法，它揭示了政府的不设营地政策导致全国各地出现自行定居做法所决定的异同。这种方法有助于理解公共机构薄弱以及未能保障基本人权所造成的具有挑战性的动态情况，危及流离失所叙利亚人的安全。公共机构的薄弱以及未能保障基本人权危及了流离失所者的安全。此外，尽管发展干预措施和援助对叙利亚人的生存至关重要，但事实证明这些措施并不充分，而且按地点分配不均，这表明大多数发展援助项目效率低下。
这些研究结果有助于更深入地了解黎巴嫩境内叙利亚人的状况，并为从事强迫移民和人道主义应对领域工作的政策制定者、从业者和研究人员提供见解。
