Department of Plant Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, 145 Anam-Ro, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
Department of Horticulture, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea, 61186.
Sci Rep. 2024 Jul 4;14(1):15423. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-65938-w.
Leaf mustard (Brassica juncea L.) is explored for its biofumigant properties, derived from its secondary metabolites, particularly allyl isothiocyanate (AITC), produced during the enzymatic breakdown of glucosinolates like sinigrin. The research examines eight leaf mustard cultivars developed in Yeosu city, South Korea, focusing on their genetic characteristics, AITC concentration and nitriles formation rates from glucosinolates. Results indicate that the allelopathic effects, largely dependent on AITC concentration and enzymatic activity, vary across cultivar. Sinigrin and AITC constitute 79% and 36%, respectively, of glucosinolate and its hydrolysis products. The cultivar 'Nuttongii' demonstrates significant potential for inhibiting weeds, exhibiting the highest AITC concentration at 27.47 ± 6.46 µmole g These outcomes highlight the importance of selecting mustard cultivars for biofumigation based on their glucosinolate profiles and hydrolysis product yields. The study also identifies a significant genetic influence on AITC and nitrile formation, suggesting that epithiospecifier protein modulation could enhance both allelopathic and other beneficial effects. Collectively, the research underscores the promise of mustard as a sustainable, environmentally friendly alternative to traditional herbicides.
芥菜（Brassica juncea L.）因其次生代谢产物，特别是异硫氰酸烯丙酯（AITC）而具有生物熏蒸特性，这些产物是在黑芥子硫苷酸钾等硫代葡萄糖苷的酶解过程中产生的。该研究考察了韩国丽水市开发的八种芥菜品种，重点研究了它们的遗传特征、AITC 浓度以及从硫代葡萄糖苷形成腈的速率。结果表明，化感作用在很大程度上取决于 AITC 浓度和酶活性，因品种而异。黑芥子硫苷酸钾及其水解产物中，分别有 79%和 36%为硫代葡萄糖苷和其水解产物。‘Nuttongii’品种表现出抑制杂草的巨大潜力，其 AITC 浓度高达 27.47 ± 6.46 µmole g。这些结果突出表明，根据芥菜的硫代葡萄糖苷图谱和水解产物产率选择生物熏蒸用品种的重要性。该研究还发现 AITC 和腈形成有显著的遗传影响，表明可以通过调节硫代葡萄糖苷分解酶来增强化感作用和其他有益效果。总的来说，该研究强调了芥菜作为一种可持续的、对环境友好的传统除草剂替代品的前景。
