Department of Biology , University of York , York YO10 5DD , England.
Faculty of Biological Sciences , University of Leeds , Leeds LS2 9JT , England.
J Agric Food Chem. 2018 May 23;66(20):5108-5116. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b04610. Epub 2018 May 15.
Biofumigation is an integrated pest-management method involving the mulching of a glucosinolate-containing cover crop into a field in order to generate toxic isothiocyanates (ITCs), which are effective soil-borne-pest-control compounds. Variation in biofumigation efficacy demonstrates a need to better understand the factors affecting pest-control outcomes and develop best practices for choosing biofumigants, growth conditions, and mulching methods that allow the greatest potential isothiocyanate release. We measured the glucosinolate concentrations of six different commercial varieties of three biofumigant plant species: Brassica juncea (ISCI99, Vitasso, and Scala) Raphanus sativus (Diablo and Bento), and Sinapis alba (Ida Gold). The plants were grown in the range of commercially appropriate seeding rates and sampled at three growth stages (early development, mature, and 50% flowering). Within biofumigant species, the highest ITC-release potentials were achieved with B. juncea cv. ISCI99 and R. sativus cv. Bento. The highest ITC-release potential occurred at the 50% flowering growth stage across the species. The seeding rate had a minor impact on the ITC-release potential of R. sativus but had no significant effects on the ITC-release potentials of the B. juncea or S. alba cultivars.
生物熏蒸是一种综合虫害管理方法，包括在田间覆盖含有硫代葡萄糖苷的覆盖作物，以产生具有土壤传播性的有效害虫防治化合物异硫氰酸酯 (ITC)。生物熏蒸效果的差异表明，需要更好地了解影响害虫防治效果的因素，并制定最佳实践，以选择生物熏蒸剂、生长条件和覆盖方法，以最大限度地释放潜在的异硫氰酸酯。我们测量了六种不同商业品种的三种生物熏蒸植物物种的硫代葡萄糖苷浓度：芸薹属（ISCI99、Vitasso 和 Scala）、萝卜（Diablo 和 Bento）和白芥（Ida Gold）。这些植物以商业上适当的播种率生长，并在三个生长阶段（早期发育、成熟和 50%开花）进行采样。在生物熏蒸剂物种内，B. juncea cv. ISCI99 和 R. sativus cv. Bento 的 ITC 释放潜力最高。在整个物种中，50%开花生长阶段的 ITC 释放潜力最高。播种率对 R. sativus 的 ITC 释放潜力有轻微影响，但对 B. juncea 或 S. alba 品种的 ITC 释放潜力没有显著影响。
