Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Science, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Cell Biochem Biophys. 2024 Sep;82(3):1993-2006. doi: 10.1007/s12013-024-01405-7. Epub 2024 Jul 6.
In today's world, one of the main problems is cancer, which still has a long way to go to cure it, and it brings a lot of financial and emotional costs to the people of society and governments. Breast cancer (BC) and cervical cancer (CC), two of the most common cancers, are caused by several genetic and environmental factors in women. These two cancers' involvement rate is higher than other cancers in women. microRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding RNA molecules with a length of 18 to 24 nucleotides, which play an important role in post-translational changes. miRNAs themselves are divided into two categories, oncomiRs and tumor suppressors. OncomiRs have a part in tumor expansion and tumor suppressors prevent tumor development and progress. miRNAs can control cellular processes by regulating various pathways including autophagy, apoptosis, and signaling. Apoptosis is a type of programmed cell death that includes intrinsic and extrinsic pathways and is different from other cell death pathways such as necrosis and ferroptosis. Apoptosis controls the growth, differentiation, and death of cells by regulating the death of damaged and old cells, and since miRNAs are one of the factors that regulate apoptosis, and divided into two categories: pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic. We decided in this study to investigate the relationship between miRNAs and apoptosis in the most common women's cancers, BC and CC.
在当今世界,一个主要问题是癌症,要治愈癌症还有很长的路要走,它给社会和政府的民众带来了大量的经济和情感成本。乳腺癌(BC)和宫颈癌(CC)是女性中最常见的两种癌症,由多种遗传和环境因素引起。这两种癌症在女性中的发病率高于其他癌症。微小 RNA(miRNA)是一种长度为 18 到 24 个核苷酸的非编码 RNA 分子,在翻译后变化中发挥着重要作用。miRNA 本身分为癌基因 miRNA 和肿瘤抑制 miRNA 两类。癌基因 miRNA 参与肿瘤的扩张,而肿瘤抑制 miRNA 则阻止肿瘤的发展和进展。miRNA 可以通过调节自噬、细胞凋亡和信号通路等多种途径来控制细胞过程。细胞凋亡是一种程序性细胞死亡,包括内在和外在途径,与坏死和铁死亡等其他细胞死亡途径不同。细胞凋亡通过调节受损和衰老细胞的死亡来控制细胞的生长、分化和死亡,由于 miRNA 是调节细胞凋亡的因素之一,分为促凋亡和抗凋亡两类。我们在这项研究中决定研究 miRNA 与女性最常见的两种癌症 BC 和 CC 中的细胞凋亡之间的关系。