Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China.
Hunan Key Laboratory of Non-resolving Inflammation and Cancer, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China.
Chin Med J (Engl). 2024 Aug 20;137(16):1903-1911. doi: 10.1097/CM9.0000000000003098. Epub 2024 Jul 8.
The usage of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) sparked an outbreak of unidentified vaping-related lung disease in the US during late 2019. With e-cigarettes becoming more and more popular, smokers have more options other than conventional cigarettes. Under these circumstances, a comprehensive evaluation of the general safety of new tobacco and tobacco-related products, represented by e-cigarettes, to human health is necessary. In this review, we summarize the current research on potential negative impacts of e-cigarette exposure on human health. In particular, studies detailing the relationship between e-cigarettes and the digestive system are summarized, with mechanisms mainly including hepatic metabolic dysfunction, impaired gut barrier, and worsened outcomes of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Although believed to be safer than traditional cigarettes, e-cigarettes exert adverse effects on systemic health and induce the development of multiple diseases including asthma, cardiovascular disease, and IBD. Moreover, nicotine-containing e-cigarettes have a negative impact on the childhood development and increase the risk of arterial stiffness compared to the non-nicotine e-cigarettes. However, non-nicotine e-cigarette components have detrimental effects including promoting liver damage and metabolic disorders.
电子烟的使用在美国 2019 年末引发了一场不明原因的与蒸气相关的肺病爆发。随着电子烟越来越受欢迎，吸烟者除了传统香烟之外有了更多的选择。在这种情况下，有必要对电子烟等新型烟草和烟草相关产品对人类健康的总体安全性进行全面评估。在这篇综述中，我们总结了电子烟暴露对人类健康的潜在负面影响的现有研究。特别是，总结了详细描述电子烟与消化系统关系的研究，其机制主要包括肝代谢功能障碍、肠道屏障受损和炎症性肠病（IBD）恶化。虽然电子烟被认为比传统香烟更安全，但它会对全身健康产生不良影响，并导致多种疾病的发生，包括哮喘、心血管疾病和 IBD。此外，含有尼古丁的电子烟会对儿童发育产生负面影响，并使动脉僵硬的风险高于不含尼古丁的电子烟。然而，非尼古丁电子烟成分也有不利影响，包括促进肝损伤和代谢紊乱。
