Huang Junjie, Keung Vera M W, Cheung Calvin K M, Lo Amelia S C, Chan Sze C, Wong Yuet Y, Mui Lancelot W H, Lee Albert, Wong Martin C S
Centre for Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of Medicine The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR.
Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR.
Health Sci Rep. 2024 Jul 4;7(7):e2237. doi: 10.1002/hsr2.2237. eCollection 2024 Jul.
Obesity has been a global public health issue due to the increasing mortality rate and prevalence among children. However, there are scarce studies on obesity prevalence in Hong Kong children. The study aims to identify the risk factors of obesity among primary and secondary school students by assessing the relationship between sociodemographic factors, health-related behaviors, and social relationships.
Self-administrated surveys were collected from 30 primary schools and 25 secondary schools participating in the "Quality Education Fund Thematic Network on Health Schools" project. Descriptive analysis was conducted to examine the proportions of different characteristics and to compare the disparity between primary and secondary school students with obesity.
A total of 4884 responses were collected. A larger proportion of primary school students with obesity were male (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 2.55, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.77-3.67, < 0.001) and actively gamed (aOR: 1.64, 95% CI: 1.07-2.51, = 0.024). Secondary school students with obesity were male (aOR: 1.61, 95% CI: 1.21-2.13, = 0.001), had poor self-perceived academic performance (aOR:1.51, 95% CI: 1.10-2.08, = 0.011) and expressed higher life satisfaction (family) (aOR: 1.13, 95% CI: 1.01-1.26, = 0.032). There were negative associations found between obesity and physical activity, high consumption of sugary drinks, chocolate or candies, and insufficient consumption of vegetables.
Male sex, physical inactivity, low self-perecived academic performance, and poor dietary behaviors were the risk factors for obesity among primary and secondary school students. The findings highlighted the importance of identifying younger individuals who were at risk of becoming clinically obese. Further studies should explore the effectiveness of various interventions through longitudinal study.
由于儿童死亡率和肥胖患病率不断上升，肥胖已成为一个全球公共卫生问题。然而，关于香港儿童肥胖患病率的研究却很少。本研究旨在通过评估社会人口学因素、健康相关行为和社会关系之间的关系，确定中小学学生肥胖的风险因素。
从参与“优质教育基金健康学校主题网络”项目的30所小学和25所中学收集了自填式调查问卷。进行描述性分析，以检查不同特征的比例，并比较肥胖的中小学生之间的差异。
共收集到4884份回复。肥胖的小学生中男性比例较高（调整优势比[aOR]：2.55，95%置信区间[CI]：1.77 - 3.67，<0.001）且积极玩游戏（aOR：1.64，95%CI：1.07 - 2.51，=0.024）。肥胖的中学生为男性（aOR：1.61，95%CI：1.21 - 2.13，=0.001），自我感觉学业成绩较差（aOR：1.51，95%CI：1.10 - 2.08，=0.011）且对生活（家庭）满意度较高（aOR：1.13，95%CI：1.01 - 1.26，=0.032）。发现肥胖与身体活动、高糖饮料、巧克力或糖果的高消费以及蔬菜摄入不足之间存在负相关。
男性、缺乏身体活动、自我感觉学业成绩低和不良的饮食习惯是中小学生肥胖的风险因素。研究结果强调了识别有临床肥胖风险的年轻人的重要性。进一步的研究应通过纵向研究探索各种干预措施的有效性。
