校园暴力对儿童的身心和社会影响。
Physical, psychological and social impact of school violence on children.
机构信息
Institute of Pediatrics, Catholic University Medical School, Largo A. Gemelli, 8, 00168, Rome, Italy.
Service of Pediatrics, Campus Bio-Medico University, Rome, Italy.
出版信息
Ital J Pediatr. 2019 Jun 27;45(1):76. doi: 10.1186/s13052-019-0669-z.
Violence against children includes all forms of violence against people under 18 years old whether perpetrated by parents or other caregivers, peers, partners, teacher or strangers. This is a public health, human rights, and social problem: levels of violence against children are frightfully high and it is estimated that up to 1 billion children aged 2-17 years, have experienced a type of violence. Very few studies provided physical violence perpetrated at school but it can have a physical impact, causing psychological distress, permanent physical disability and long-term physical or mental ill-health. Children who experienced any type of violence at school may develop reactive attachment disorder, modest physical inactivity, overweight or obesity, diabetes, smoking habits, heavy alcohol use, poor self-rated health, cancer, heart disease, and respiratory disease and other negative outcomes. Evidence from international studies clearly shows that nonviolent, positive discipline delivers better results, while any type of violence is associated with many negative one.
儿童暴力包括对 18 岁以下的所有人实施的所有形式的暴力，无论是父母或其他照顾者、同龄人、伴侣、教师还是陌生人所为。这是一个公共卫生、人权和社会问题：儿童暴力程度高得可怕，据估计，多达 10 亿 2-17 岁的儿童经历过某种形式的暴力。很少有研究提供在学校实施的身体暴力，但它可能会造成身体影响，导致心理困扰、永久性身体残疾和长期身体或心理健康不良。在学校经历过任何形式暴力的儿童可能会发展出反应性依恋障碍、适度的身体不活动、超重或肥胖、糖尿病、吸烟习惯、大量饮酒、自我评价健康状况差、癌症、心脏病和呼吸道疾病等负面后果。国际研究的证据清楚地表明，非暴力、积极的纪律教育能带来更好的结果，而任何形式的暴力都与许多负面结果有关。
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