Institute of Plant Science & Resources, Okayama University, Kurashiki, Japan.
Faculty of Agriculture, Setsunan University, Hirakata, Japan.
Methods Mol Biol. 2024;2830:13-23. doi: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3965-8_2.
Wild progenitors of Triticeae crops generally have long dormancy periods. Domesticated crops inherited these longer dormancy alleles from their wild progenitors, which have since been modified and selected during cultivation and utilization by humans. Thus, allelic combinations at different seed dormancy loci are currently represented in Triticeae germplasm preserved in seed repositories and gene banks as accessions and materials of breeding programs. Methods to evaluate seed dormancy are key to explore, analyze, and exploit optimal alleles in dormancy genes. Recent developments in genomics have accelerated the identification and analysis of seed dormancy loci in Triticeae species. Transgenic experiments have been conducted to validate if candidate genes affect seed dormancy and more recently have yielded an array of mutations derived from genome editing for practical applications. The information gathered on these seed dormancy loci provides a deeper knowledge of germplasm diversity and offers strategies to control seed dormancy in breeding programs in Triticeae crops.
野生禾本科作物的祖本通常具有较长的休眠期。驯化作物从其野生祖本继承了这些较长休眠的等位基因，这些等位基因在人类的栽培和利用过程中经过了修饰和选择。因此，不同种子休眠位点的等位基因组合目前以品种和育种计划材料的形式保存在种子库和基因库中的禾本科种质中。评估种子休眠的方法是探索、分析和利用休眠基因中最佳等位基因的关键。基因组学的最新进展加速了禾本科物种中种子休眠位点的鉴定和分析。已经进行了转基因实验来验证候选基因是否影响种子休眠，最近还产生了一系列源于基因组编辑的突变，用于实际应用。这些种子休眠位点的信息提供了对种质多样性的更深入了解，并为控制禾本科作物的种子休眠提供了育种计划的策略。
