West Henry W, Dangas Katerina, Antoniades Charalambos
Acute Multidisciplinary Imaging and Interventional Centre, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Central Clinical School, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
JACC Basic Transl Sci. 2023 Dec 13;9(5):710-732. doi: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2023.10.007. eCollection 2024 May.
Vascular inflammation is a major contributor to cardiovascular disease, particularly atherosclerotic disease, and early detection of vascular inflammation may be key to the ultimate reduction of residual cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. This review paper discusses the progress toward the clinical utility of noninvasive imaging techniques for assessing vascular inflammation, with a focus on coronary atherosclerosis. A discussion of multiple modalities is included: computed tomography (CT) imaging (the major focus of the review), cardiac magnetic resonance, ultrasound, and positron emission tomography imaging. The review covers recent progress in new technologies such as the novel CT biomarkers of coronary inflammation (eg, the perivascular fat attenuation index), new inflammation-specific tracers for positron emission tomography-CT imaging, and others. The strengths and limitations of each modality are explored, highlighting the potential for multi-modality imaging and the use of artificial intelligence image interpretation to improve both diagnostic and prognostic potential for common conditions such as coronary artery disease.
血管炎症是心血管疾病尤其是动脉粥样硬化性疾病的主要促成因素，早期检测血管炎症可能是最终降低心血管残余发病率和死亡率的关键。本文综述讨论了评估血管炎症的非侵入性成像技术在临床应用方面的进展，重点是冠状动脉粥样硬化。文中讨论了多种成像方式：计算机断层扫描（CT）成像（本文综述的主要重点）、心脏磁共振成像、超声成像和正电子发射断层扫描成像。综述涵盖了新技术的最新进展，如冠状动脉炎症的新型CT生物标志物（如血管周围脂肪衰减指数）、正电子发射断层扫描-CT成像的新型炎症特异性示踪剂等。探讨了每种成像方式的优势和局限性，强调了多模态成像以及使用人工智能图像解读来提高冠状动脉疾病等常见病症的诊断和预后潜力。
