Wu Tingting, Liu Guozhen
Integrated Devices and Intelligent Diagnosis (ID2) Laboratory, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China.
Biosensors (Basel). 2025 Jun 1;15(6):351. doi: 10.3390/bios15060351.
Quantifying inflammation plays a critical role in understanding the progression and development of various diseases. Non-invasive or minimally invasive wearable biosensors have garnered significant attention in recent years due to their convenience, comfort, and ability to provide continuous monitoring of biomarkers, particularly in infectious diseases and chronic diseases. However, there are still areas for improvement in developing reliable biosensing devices to detect key inflammatory biomarkers in clinically relevant biofluids. This review first introduces common biofluids with a focus on the most clinically significant inflammatory biomarkers. Specifically, it discusses the challenges encountered in extracting and detecting analytes in these biofluids. Subsequently, we review three popular types of non-invasive wearable biosensors for inflammation monitoring (microneedle patches, flexible electronic skins, and textile-based sensors). The design and operational considerations of these devices are analyzed, followed by an exploration of the information processing approaches employed during data processing. Finally, we envision future opportunities by guiding the development and refinement of non-invasive or minimally invasive wearable biosensors for continuous inflammation monitoring in chronic diseases.
量化炎症在理解各种疾病的进展和发展过程中起着关键作用。近年来，非侵入性或微创可穿戴生物传感器因其便利性、舒适性以及能够对生物标志物进行连续监测而备受关注，尤其是在传染病和慢性病领域。然而，在开发可靠的生物传感设备以检测临床相关生物流体中的关键炎症生物标志物方面，仍有改进的空间。本综述首先介绍常见的生物流体，重点关注临床上最重要的炎症生物标志物。具体而言，讨论了在这些生物流体中提取和检测分析物时遇到的挑战。随后，我们综述了用于炎症监测的三种流行的非侵入性可穿戴生物传感器类型（微针贴片、柔性电子皮肤和基于纺织品的传感器）。分析了这些设备的设计和操作考虑因素，接着探讨了数据处理过程中采用的信息处理方法。最后，我们通过指导开发和改进用于慢性病连续炎症监测的非侵入性或微创可穿戴生物传感器，展望未来的机遇。
