Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, 30003, Murcia, Spain.
Sparos Lda, Área Empresarial de Marim, Lote C, 8700-221, Olhão, Portugal.
Fish Physiol Biochem. 2024 Aug;50(4):1849-1860. doi: 10.1007/s10695-024-01373-y. Epub 2024 Jul 10.
Classical assessments of new fish feeds are anthropocentric, focusing mainly on growth. Although this methodology is accurate, it does not consider the fish' perspective. This study aimed to investigate the behavioural responses and feed preferences of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) through a self-selection trial using self-feeders. Both species were offered three feeds: a control (PD) commercial-like feed and two diets (ORG1 and ORG2) formulated with different inclusions of alternative ingredients to address some of the current environmental concerns and/or ethical issues often associated with commercial formulations. Three groups of tilapia with an average weight of 163.0 g ± 4.3 g (mean ± SD) and four groups of seabreams with 174.7 g ± 27.0 g were tested. Tilapia exhibited a preference for ORG2 (46.5%), influenced by the sensory properties of the feed and post-ingestion signals. Seabream did not show a preference for any feed. These findings highlight the effectiveness of self-selection experiments in allowing fish to express their feeding behaviour and preferences. Therefore, this approach should be considered in the initial screening and design of new aquaculture feeds and ingredients.
传统的新型鱼类饲料评估方法是以人为中心的，主要侧重于生长。尽管这种方法学是准确的，但它并没有考虑到鱼类的视角。本研究旨在通过使用自动喂食器进行自我选择试验，研究尼罗罗非鱼（Oreochromis niloticus）和金头鲷（Sparus aurata）的行为反应和饲料偏好。这两个物种都提供了三种饲料：一种对照（PD）商业样饲料和两种配方（ORG1 和 ORG2），它们含有不同的替代成分，以解决一些与商业配方相关的当前环境问题和/或道德问题。三组平均体重为 163.0 g ± 4.3 g（平均值 ± 标准差）的罗非鱼和四组平均体重为 174.7 g ± 27.0 g 的金头鲷进行了测试。罗非鱼对 ORG2（46.5%）表现出偏好，这受到饲料感官特性和摄食后信号的影响。金头鲷没有表现出对任何饲料的偏好。这些发现强调了自我选择实验在允许鱼类表达其摄食行为和偏好方面的有效性。因此，这种方法应该在新型水产养殖饲料和成分的初步筛选和设计中得到考虑。
