Raubenheimer D, Simpson S J
Department of Zoology and University Museum, Oxford University, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PS, UK.
Nutr Res Rev. 1997 Jan;10(1):151-79. doi: 10.1079/NRR19970009.
We present and apply to data for insects, chickens and rats a conceptual and experimental framework for studying nutrition as a multi-dimensional phenomenon. The framework enables the unification within a single geometrical model of several nutritionally relevant measures, including: the optimal balance and amounts of nutrients required by an animal in a given time (the intake target), the animal's current state in relation to these requirements, available foods, the amounts of ingested nutrients which are retained and eliminated, and animal performance. Animals given a nutritionally balanced food, or two or more imbalanced but complementary foods, can satisfy their nutrient requirements, and hence optimize performance. However, animals eating noncomplementary imbalanced foods must decide on a suitable compromise between overingesting some nutrients and underingesting others. The geometrical models provide a means of measuring nutritional targets and rules of compromise, and comparing these among different animals and within similar animals at different developmental stages or in different environments. They also provide a framework for designing and interpreting experiments on the regulatory and metabolic mechanisms underlying nutritional homeostasis.
我们提出了一个用于将营养作为多维现象进行研究的概念性和实验性框架，并将其应用于昆虫、鸡和大鼠的数据。该框架能够在单一几何模型中统一多种与营养相关的测量指标，包括：动物在给定时间内所需营养素的最佳平衡和数量（摄入目标）、动物相对于这些需求的当前状态、可用食物、保留和消除的摄入营养素数量，以及动物的表现。给予营养均衡食物的动物，或两种或更多种不均衡但互补食物的动物，能够满足其营养需求，从而优化表现。然而，食用非互补性不均衡食物的动物必须在过度摄入某些营养素和摄入不足其他营养素之间做出合适的权衡。几何模型提供了一种测量营养目标和权衡规则的方法，并能在不同动物之间以及相似动物处于不同发育阶段或不同环境时进行比较。它们还为设计和解释关于营养稳态潜在调节和代谢机制的实验提供了一个框架。
